Evidence mapPaperPMID 42358359Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Global research trends and hotspots of exosome-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: a bibliometric study from 2015 to 2025.

Zhipeng Chen, Yang Jiang, Xingxiao Yin, Yanqi Li, Hezhi Sai, Yanping Song, Zhen Shen, Qigang Chen

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zhipeng ChenSchool of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Yang JiangSchool of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Xingxiao YinSchool of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Yanqi LiSchool of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Hezhi SaiSchool of Physical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
Yanping SongDepartment of Rehabilitation, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Zhen ShenDepartment of Rehabilitation, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Qigang ChenDepartment of Rehabilitation, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to targeted drug delivery for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles have improved brain drug delivery, limitations remain in BBB targeting, long-term biocompatibility, and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), PubMed, and Embase databases for relevant English-language literature on exosome-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier from 2015 to 2025. WoSCC served as the primary source for bibliometric analysis. PubMed and Embase databases were used for supplementary validation. Software such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometrix was employed for literature visualisation analysis. Results: This study included 1,365 relevant articles from the WoSCC database, and the annual publication volume showed a steady upward trend. China and the United States significantly lead in both the number of publications and the number of core contributing institutions in this field. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords showed that research hotspots are mainly focused on exosomes, the blood-brain barrier, drug delivery, and Alzheimer's disease. PubMed and Embase were used as supplementary validation databases, including 1,089 and 1,517 records, respectively. Their annual publication trends, major countries/regions, core journals, and keywords/themes were generally consistent with WoSCC, supporting the macro-level stability of the bibliometric findings. Conclusion: Unlike previous bibliometric analyses that mainly focused on overall trends in CNS exosome research, this study focuses specifically on the direction of exosome-mediated drug delivery across the BBB. The findings show a shift from basic vesicle characterisation toward engineered delivery systems, CNS disease applications, and translational evaluation. Mammalian-derived exosomes remain dominant, while plant-derived vesicles, AI-assisted design, biomimetic hybrid nanovesicles, and gut-brain axis strategies are emerging areas of focus. Future research should prioritise systematic platform comparisons, standardised evaluation, quality control, scalable production, long-term safety, and regulatory pathways.

Indexed as

bibliometricsblood-brain barriercentral nervous system diseasesdrug delivery systemsexosomesextracellular vesicles

Identifiers

PMID42358359
PMCPMC13290968

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.