ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Advances in the Targeted Drug Delivery System for Renal Fibrosis.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Renal fibrosis represents the ultimate outcome of almost all chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease, making it a serious global health burden. Despite numerous preclinical drugs demonstrating potential in the treatment of renal fibrosis, the majority fail to fulfill the stringent criteria for clinical applications. Key hurdles in renal fibrosis therapy not only involve intricate signaling networks and fibrosis-perpetuating microenvironments, complex renal structures, and pathological barriers, but also restrict drug delivery to lesions. Therefore, recent delivery system focused on co-delivering multiple drugs via nanoplatforms and functionalized with targeting ligands. These systems enable precise drug delivery to key effector cells in fibrosis (eg, myofibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells), thereby achieving targeted and highly effective therapy. This review summarizes the signaling pathways of renal fibrosis using the concept of the fibrosis niche and critically evaluates both drug delivery barriers and emerging targeted drug delivery system (TDDS). Furthermore, the potential challenges and future directions of TDDS for reversing renal fibrosis are discussed with the aim of providing guidance for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.