Evidence mapPaperPMID 42359780Full record

ReviewJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2026

Seeing Beyond GLP-1: A Systems View of Sustainable Obesity Care.

Yeeli Mui, Megan R Winkler, Becky Ramsing, Anne Palmer, Daphene Altema-Johnson

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yeeli MuiHuman Nutrition Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-4096
Megan R WinklerDepartment of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8567-145X
Becky RamsingCenter for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anne PalmerCenter for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-8592
Daphene Altema-JohnsonCenter for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Bloomberg American Health Initiative
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists represent a major therapeutic advancement, producing substantial weight loss and rapidly reshaping clinical practice, commercial markets, and policy discussions. Their accelerating adoption, however, is unfolding alongside decades of public health progress to address the complex drivers of obesity. Without integration into a broader systems-based approach, growing reliance on GLP-1 therapies risks reinforcing a reactive, treatment-driven model of obesity management that is costly, difficult to sustain, insufficient for addressing root causes, and likely perpetuating existing health inequities.

methodsDrawing on a synthesis of existing literature and emerging clinical evidence, we apply Habits of a Systems Thinker to examine: (1) the promises and pitfalls of growing dependence on GLP-1 therapies; (2) how a systems thinking lens can illuminate unintended consequences and reveal overlooked leverage points; and (3) how dietitians and other healthcare providers can strengthen systems-based dietetic practice to promote health equity, enhance obesity care delivery, and support lasting health outcomes.

resultsWe identified dominant mental models, gaps in system connections, and feedback loops that shape both obesity management and the integration of GLP-1 therapies. We also highlight potential unintended consequences and outline opportunities to adapt and act strategically within the obesity care system.

conclusionDietitians hold a critical yet underutilized role, constrained by structural barriers. Fully leveraging their expertise will require system-level changes, including integrating training on a systems approach to GLP-1 therapies; strengthening connections to local and regional food resources to improve access to healthy foods; advocating for reimbursement reforms that support dietitians' contributions to comprehensive, systems-oriented obesity care; and elevating dietitians' roles as citizens to advance equitable obesity care.

Indexed as

DieteticsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsObesityHumansNutritionistsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsdietitiansGLP‐1health equityintegrated careobesitypharmacotherapysystems thinking

Identifiers

PMID42359780
PMCPMC13306915

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.