ArticleAddictive behaviors2026
Harm perceptions of smoking versus vaping cannabis and correlates: national surveys of youth and young adults in England, Canada, and the United States.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCannabis products and routes of administration (e.g., smoking, vaping) vary. Harm perceptions are associated with use, yet little research examines these across routes of administration. We compared harm perceptions of cannabis smoking versus cannabis vaping and correlates among young people across England, Canada, and the US.
methodsYouth (ages 16-19; n = 37,761) and young adults (20-29; n = 8,762) completed the ITC Youth & Young Adult Tobacco and Vaping Survey (2022-2024). Relative perceived harms of daily cannabis smoking versus daily cannabis vaping were assessed; adjusted regressions examined differences by country, mental health, nicotine smoking/vaping, and cannabis use.
resultsOverall, 10.4% of youth and 11.8% of young adults perceived smoking cannabis as more harmful than vaping cannabis. Odds of perceiving smoking cannabis as more harmful than vaping cannabis were higher in England versus the US (youth: OR = 1.89, 95%CI:1.69-2.13, p < 0.001; young adults OR = 1.47, CI:1.14-1.92, p = 0.004) and versus Canada among youth (OR = 1.47, CI:1.35-1.61, p < 0.001), among youth with moderate-to-high mental health symptoms (vs. no/low symptoms, OR = 1.23, CI:1.13-1.35, p < 0.001) and youth who smoked and/or vaped nicotine or formerly used cannabis (vs. never used, all p < 0.05). Among young adults, perceptions did not vary by mental health or nicotine/cannabis use. DISCUSSION: Few youth and young adults perceive cannabis smoking as more harmful than cannabis vaping. Differences by country, mental health, and cannabis/nicotine use indicate that cannabis harm perceptions vary by geographic context and individual factors, supporting tailored health communication efforts about the potential and uncertain risks of different routes of cannabis administration.
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