Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42361682›Full record

ArticleAddictive behaviors2026

Harm perceptions of smoking versus vaping cannabis and correlates: national surveys of youth and young adults in England, Canada, and the United States.

Matilda K Nottage, Leonie Brose, Deborah Robson, Emily Hackworth, Jessica L Reid, David Hammond, Katherine East

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addictive behaviors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Matilda K NottageAddictions Department, King's College London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: matilda.k.nottage@kcl.ac.uk.
Leonie BroseAddictions Department, King's College London, United Kingdom.
Deborah RobsonAddictions Department, King's College London, United Kingdom.
Emily HackworthMasonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, United States.
Jessica L ReidSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Canada.
David HammondSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Canada.
Katherine EastDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Brighton and University of Sussex, United Kingdom.

Funding

Vaporized Nicotine Product Initiation Among Youth in the US, Canada, and England: Methods to Predict Uptake and Policy EfficacyP01CA200512 · NCI · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI HAMMOND, DAVID · 2016 to 2025
$25.3M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA200512
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCannabis products and routes of administration (e.g., smoking, vaping) vary. Harm perceptions are associated with use, yet little research examines these across routes of administration. We compared harm perceptions of cannabis smoking versus cannabis vaping and correlates among young people across England, Canada, and the US.

methodsYouth (ages 16-19; n = 37,761) and young adults (20-29; n = 8,762) completed the ITC Youth & Young Adult Tobacco and Vaping Survey (2022-2024). Relative perceived harms of daily cannabis smoking versus daily cannabis vaping were assessed; adjusted regressions examined differences by country, mental health, nicotine smoking/vaping, and cannabis use.

resultsOverall, 10.4% of youth and 11.8% of young adults perceived smoking cannabis as more harmful than vaping cannabis. Odds of perceiving smoking cannabis as more harmful than vaping cannabis were higher in England versus the US (youth: OR = 1.89, 95%CI:1.69-2.13, p < 0.001; young adults OR = 1.47, CI:1.14-1.92, p = 0.004) and versus Canada among youth (OR = 1.47, CI:1.35-1.61, p < 0.001), among youth with moderate-to-high mental health symptoms (vs. no/low symptoms, OR = 1.23, CI:1.13-1.35, p < 0.001) and youth who smoked and/or vaped nicotine or formerly used cannabis (vs. never used, all p < 0.05). Among young adults, perceptions did not vary by mental health or nicotine/cannabis use. DISCUSSION: Few youth and young adults perceive cannabis smoking as more harmful than cannabis vaping. Differences by country, mental health, and cannabis/nicotine use indicate that cannabis harm perceptions vary by geographic context and individual factors, supporting tailored health communication efforts about the potential and uncertain risks of different routes of cannabis administration.

Indexed as

Marijuana SmokingVapingAdolescentAdultCanadaEnglandFemaleHumansMaleUnited StatesYoung AdultCannabisHarm perceptionsMental healthRoute of administrationSmokingVapingYouth

Identifiers

PMID42361682
PMCPMC13573809

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.