Evidence mapPaperPMID 42370537Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes research2026

Risk of Hypoglycemia and Associated Factors Among In-Hospital Chinese Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA): A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Haojie Zhou, Qiang Zhang, Guniqing Zhu, Weiwei Xu, Xueyan Zhao, Xiangfu Gu, Xiaoyu Cai, Xiaoli Zhu, Ran Li

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Haojie ZhouDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, cqmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4692-8605
Qiang ZhangSchool of Nursing, Dali University, Dali, China, dali.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7299-1913
Guniqing ZhuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, fimmu.com.
Weiwei XuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, cqmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5418-6748
Xueyan ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China, dali.edu.cn.
Xiangfu GuPatient Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China, dali.edu.cn.
Xiaoyu CaiDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, cqmu.edu.cn.
Xiaoli ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China, dali.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3110-1343
Ran LiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, cqmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0440-1407

Funding

Chongqing Medical UniversityChronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center GWJJMB202510021079Science Popularization Special Project of the Innovation Guidance and Sci-Tech Enterprise Cultivation Program, Bureau of Science and Technology of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province 20262904D040003Yunnan Provincial Department of Education 2026Y1327
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLatent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is characterized by progressive β-cell dysfunction and glycemic lability, which increases susceptibility to in-hospital hypoglycemia. Real-world data on the epidemiology of hypoglycemia and associated factors among LADA inpatients are limited, particularly among multiethnic populations in Southwest China. This study is aimed at exploring the prevalence, regional heterogeneity, and independent associated factors of in-hospital hypoglycemia in the LADA population.

methodsFollowing the STROBE guidelines, 709 hospitalized patients with LADA from five tertiary hospitals in Southwest China from January 2019 to September 2025 were enrolled retrospectively. Missing data were imputed via multiple imputation by chained equations with results pooled using Rubin's rules. Univariate logistic regression was applied for preliminary factor screening. Multicollinearity was evaluated prior to multivariate regression. Model performance was assessed using the AUC for discriminative ability and Nagelkerke's R

resultsThe overall in-hospital hypoglycemia incidence was 47.39%, with evident regional heterogeneity across Southwest China. After pooling results from 20 imputed datasets, seven independently associated factors were identified. These factors included insulin pump therapy (OR = 8.233, 95% CI: 3.914-17.274), the largest amplitude of glycemic excursions (OR = 1.136, 95% CI: 1.081-1.193), length of hospital stay (OR = 1.134, 95% CI: 1.074-1.197), prior hypoglycemia history (OR = 2.447, 95% CI: 1.448-4.024), sex (OR = 1.655, 95% CI: 1.065-2.574), geographic origin (OR = 0.369, 95% CI: 0.225-0.605), and glycated hemoglobin (OR = 0.902, 95% CI: 0.837-0.973). The median AUC and Nagelkerke's R

conclusionsHospitalized LADA patients in Southwest China have a high prevalence of in-hospital hypoglycemia with prominent regional disparities. The identified associated factors support individualized risk stratification, targeted glycemic monitoring, and optimized inpatient management, helping reduce hypoglycemia burden and improve glycemic safety among hospitalized LADA patients.

Indexed as

HypoglycemiaLatent Autoimmune Diabetes in AdultsAdultAgedBlood GlucoseChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHospitalizationHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIncidenceInpatientsInsulinMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinassociated factorshypoglycemialatent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA)

Identifiers

PMID42370537
PMCPMC13312302

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.