Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42373862›Full record

ReviewNature protocols2026

Inducing physiological polarity and performing gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 in human trophoblast organoids.

Liheng Yang, Joshua Hatterschide, Rizban E Worota, Kaila Cooley, Carolyn B Coyne

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Nature protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Liheng YangDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. henry.yang@duke.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-086X
Joshua HatterschideDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Rizban E WorotaDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3732-8463
Kaila CooleyDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-4137-1310
Carolyn B CoyneDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. carolyn.coyne@duke.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6309

Funding

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) AI145828
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human trophoblast organoids (TOs) are three-dimensional ex vivo culture models that enable the study of placental development, physiology and pathology. A major limitation of TOs grown in Matrigel or other extracellular matrices is their apical-inward polarity, in which cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) line the outer surface and the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB) forms the interior layer, opposite to their orientation in vivo. Here we present a detailed protocol to reverse TO polarity, producing organoids that recapitulate the cellular orientation of human chorionic villi. Standard TOs with inward-facing STBs (STB

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.