Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42374992›Full record

ArticleAlcohol, clinical & experimental research2026

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Dysmorphic Features in Adults at Midlife.

Susan A Stoner, Margaret L P Adam, Tamara S Bodnar, Claire D Coles, Miguel Del Campo Casanelles, Therese M Grant, Charlis Raineki, Joanne Weinberg, Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Alcohol, clinical & experimental research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Susan A StonerFetal Alcohol and Drug Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictions, Drug & Alcohol Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-219X
Margaret L P AdamDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Tamara S BodnarDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7301-5700
Claire D ColesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-6644
Miguel Del Campo CasanellesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
Therese M GrantFetal Alcohol and Drug Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictions, Drug & Alcohol Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Charlis RainekiDepartment of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catherines, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-5935
Joanne WeinbergDepartment of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-3904
Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Funding

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) U01AA026101National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) U01AA026108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDysmorphology examinations have established that fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are associated with characteristic physical features from infancy through adolescence. As individuals mature into young adulthood and beyond, the aging process may attenuate characteristic features over time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate FASD-related dysmorphology at midlife.

methodsSubjects (N = 192) were recruited from two longitudinal cohorts and from the general community (M

resultsNumerous main effects were found for the demographic variables. Controlling for these, main effects for experimental group were found for orbitofrontal circumference, palpebral fissure lengths, philtrum score, vermilion border score, hypoplastic midface, and camptodactyly. Demographics moderated effects of experimental group for philtrum length, philtrum score, and vermilion border score, cardinal features of FASD.

conclusionsFindings indicate that PAE-related dysmorphological features persist into adulthood and further into midlife and may remain useful in diagnosis of FASD beyond young adulthood. However, as demographic factors appear to impact some of the cardinal features of FASD, age-, gender-, and race-related norms and reference image sets for the sentinel features of FASD in adults of different ages may be helpful in diagnosing individuals in adulthood and beyond.

Indexed as

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID42374992
PMCPMC13316465

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.