Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42375009›Full record

Observational studyJournal of rehabilitation medicine2026

Healthcare utilization in patients with spina bifida and bone fractures.

Adrian M Fernandez, Than Kyaw, Debbie Goldberg, I Elaine Allen, Yi Li, Alfredo Fernandez, Hillary Copp, Lindsay A Hampson

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Adrian M FernandezDepartment of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Than KyawMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Debbie GoldbergDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
I Elaine AllenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Yi LiDepartment of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Alfredo FernandezPeninsula Orthopedic Associates, Daly City, CA, USA.
Hillary Copp *Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Lindsay A Hampson *Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Lindsay.Hampson@ucsf.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo compare bone fractures and fracture-related healthcare costs in individuals with and without spina bifida (SB).

designThis is a retrospective observational trial. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS: California's Healthcare Access and Information database was utilized to identify all individuals with SB who sought care in California emergency departments, inpatient hospitals, or ambulatory surgery centres between 2005 and 2017.

methodsBone fracture encounters and associated healthcare utilization factors were compared among individuals with spina bifida vs individuals without spina bifida, matched 5:1 by birth year.

resultsBetween 2005 and 2017, 20,290 individuals with spina bifida sought care in California emergency departments, inpatient hospitals, or ambulatory surgery centres. Compared with 101,450 individuals in the comparison group, those with spina bifida were more likely to seek care for a bone fracture (OR 1.64, p < 0.001) and more likely to sustain repeat fractures (36% vs 26%, p < 0.001). Individuals with spina bifida sustained more bone fractures per capita at each body location studied, with more than double the fractures per capita at the chest (2.0x), foot (2.1x), pelvis (2.4x), leg (2.5x), and vertebrae (2.5x). Individuals with spina bifida spent more cumulative days hospitalized for bone fractures (mean 9.4 vs 7.6, p < 0.001).

conclusionIndividuals with spina bifida were diagnosed with more bone fractures per capita than age-matched persons without spina bifida.

Indexed as

Fractures, BonePatient Acceptance of Health CareSpinal DysraphismAdolescentAdultCaliforniaChildChild, PreschoolEmergency Room VisitsFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42375009
PMCPMC13329719

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.