ArticleOpen veterinary journal2026
New gel formulation for treating wounds infected with common bacteria isolated from feline wounds in rats.
Article in Open veterinary journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The rising need for adjunctive plant-based wound therapeutics with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and prohealing properties stems from the growing concern of antibiotic-resistant wound infections in companion animals. Aim: To determine the main bacterial agents in feline wound infections and to test a new polyherbal gel made from Punica granatum peel, Rosmarinus officinalis leaves, and Cucurbita moschata fibers on Staphylococcus aureus-infected rat wounds model. Methods: VITEK-2 was used to confirm the results of culturing and blood, MacConkey, and Mannitol salt agars from veterinary clinics, blood collection camps in Baghdad. The plant materials were Soxhlet-extracted, and polyphenols were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. There were five groups of rats, which included the non-infected control, the infected untreated control, the infected and 6% gel, the infected and 12% gel, and the infected and 2% fucidin. Carbopol gel with 6% (GF6%) and 12% (GF12%) total extracts was macerated and administered once a day for 10 days to excisional wounds infected with S. aureus (1.5 × 108 CFU/ml). The outcome measures were the percentage of wound contraction, absolute values of hydroxyproline (Hyp), ELISA values of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and histopathological examination. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the most prominent isolate (52.8% overall prevalence, most in accidental and postsurgical wounds). The extracts were rich in polyphenols, and GF12% (among other extracts) was able to achieve complete wound closure by day 10 (100%), whereas fucidin 2% and infected controls were 34% and GF6% 97%, respectively. GF12% greatly lowered VEGF and TNF-a levels relative to controls and fucidin while markedly elevating Hyp, suggesting increased collagen deposition. Histology after treatment with GF12% demonstrated orderly reepithelialization and collagen deposition akin to normal skin, whereas immature granulation and persistent inflammation were observed in fucidin-treated wounds. Conclusion: The polyherbal gel, especially at 12% concentration, had the most healing effect on wounds infected with S. aureus due to its powerful antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, collagen-restoring, and anti-angiogenic properties, presenting significant potential for topical use in veterinary wound care.
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