ReviewCureus2026
Advances in Eyelid Trauma Management: A Systematic Review of Surgical Strategies, Reconstructive Innovations, and Clinical Outcomes From 2000 to 2026.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Eyelids are vulnerable to trauma, leading to considerable morbidity because of impaired functionality, altered eyelid mechanics, and compromised cosmesis. In this regard, the purpose of the present systematic review is to provide comprehensive information on the prevalence of different types of eyelid trauma, treatment methods, and complications reported in the literature over the last 25 years (up to 2026). Specifically, a PRISMA 2020-based search strategy, conducted in accordance with the guidelines, was applied to the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, identifying 1,330 relevant articles on eyelid trauma. Of these, 80 met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis, and 35 underwent quantitative evaluation. Laceration injury is the most prevalent form of trauma, being present in up to 70% of patients (n = 56 out of 80), whereas up to 20% and 7.5% of cases are represented by canalicular trauma and eyelid avulsion, respectively (n = 16 out of 80 and n = 6 out of 80, respectively). Orbital fracture was recorded in 18%-25% of patients, whereas globe trauma was diagnosed in up to 10%-15% of individuals. Surgery was an important component of treatment in 85%-95% of cases and consisted of primary layered wound repair (70%; n = 56 out of 80), canalicular repair with stent insertion (22.5%; n = 18 out of 80), and local flap/graft surgery (15%; n = 12 out of 80). Good-to-excellent surgical outcomes regarding eye function and cosmesis were achieved in 75%-90% of patients who underwent reconstruction within 24-48 hours of trauma. A favourable prognosis for achieving good surgical outcomes was associated with prompt medical intervention (5%-10% complication rate vs. 20%-30% with delayed treatment). Regarding possible complications, the most frequent issues were epiphora (5%-15%), ectropion (2%-10%), scarring (5%-12%), infection, and lid mispositioning. Innovations in current oculoplastic surgery include minimally invasive surgical approaches, multimodal treatment, the use of biological materials, and artificial intelligence-based assistance. In conclusion, proper diagnostics, accurate anatomical correction, and personalised care for eyelid trauma are essential for optimal treatment outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.