Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42376604›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in physiology2026

Unilateral versus bilateral resistance training for explosive jump performance, linear sprint speed, and change-of-direction ability in male basketball players: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ziyang Zhang, Fang Shu, Hongming Guo, Jingfeng Zhang, JianLei Gao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ziyang ZhangDepartment of Physical Education, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
Fang ShuSports Coaching College, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China.
Hongming GuoSchool of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Jingfeng ZhangDepartment of Physical Education, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
JianLei GaoDepartment of Physical Education, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: While both unilateral (UT) and bilateral training (BT) are fundamental for enhancing athletic performance in basketball-a sport demanding high unilateral power and rapid changes of direction (COD)-equivocal evidence and a paucity of consensus exist regarding their comparative effectiveness on key sport-specific metrics. Objective: To resolve this ambiguity, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively compare the effects of UT versus BT on measures of explosive power, linear speed, and COD ability in basketball players. Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251149484), we systematically searched six databases until September 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving healthy basketball players. Nine RCTs (n=163 males) were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Data were synthesized using random-effects models in RevMan 5.4.1, calculating weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity (I Results: UT elicited superior improvements compared to BT in single-leg countermovement jump height (SL-CMJ: WMD = 0.64 cm, 95% CI [0.27, 1.00], p<0.001) and V-cut performance (WMD =-0.12 s, 95% CI [-0.23, -0.01], p=0.03). Conversely, no significant inter-group differences were found for bilateral CMJ, Reactive Strength Index (RSI), or linear sprint performance (5m and 20m). For the 505 agility test, high heterogeneity (I² = 95%) was observed, and no significant overall effect was found (WMD =-0.17 s, 95% CI: [-0.48,0.13]). For outcomes showing relatively high consistency, such as CMJ, additional subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on age, intervention duration, and season phase. Among these analyses, subgroup analysis identified arm swing protocol inconsistency as a primary source of heterogeneity for CMJ outcomes. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrates a clear task-specific superiority: UT is more effective for enhancing unilateral power and cutting agility, likely via neural and stability adaptations, whereas BT retains comparable efficacy for developing bilateral power and linear acceleration. These findings directly inform evidence-based, modality-specific strength and conditioning programming for basketball athletes. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251149484, identifier CRD420251149484.

Indexed as

athletic performancebasketball playersexplosive powerlower limbunilateral training

Identifiers

PMID42376604
PMCPMC13310738

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.