ArticleACS applied materials & interfaces2026
Oral Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles To Treat Intestinal Inflammation.
Article in ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Extracellular vesicle-based therapies in IBD: immunomodulation, regeneration, and translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite advances in therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), current treatments are associated with poor clinical outcomes and systemic side effects. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have therapeutic potential in IBD due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, most studies administer MSC-EVs by injection, which does not offer the significant benefits of oral administration, including direct and localized access to the site(s) of intestinal inflammation. Here, we evaluated the stability of MSC-EVs for oral delivery by assessing particle size, concentration, and EV markers. MSC-EVs disintegrated in gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, with cryogenic electron microscopy confirming the loss of structural integrity. To address this, we developed a double-coating formulation consisting of chitosan and Eudragit S100 to enhance GI stability and facilitate colon-targeted delivery. Coated EVs were resistant to GI fluids and digestive enzymes, and the formulation released structurally intact, biologically active vesicles in colonic fluid. Preliminary in vivo studies showed that orally administered coated EVs reduced disease severity in a colitis mouse model and elicited a stronger therapeutic response than uncoated EVs administered orally or intravenously at the same dose. These findings indicate that, with appropriate formulation, oral delivery of MSC-EVs could be an effective route of administration to treat intestinal inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.