Evidence mapPaperPMID 42377679Full record

ReviewJournal of thrombosis and thrombolysis2026

IGF-1 axis: The signalling bond in cancer-associated thrombosis and cachexia?

Mariana Moreira Pires, Valéria Tavares, Tiago Ferreira, Ana Carolina Leão Silva, Inês Guerra de Melo, Rui Medeiros

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mariana Moreira PiresFaculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
Valéria TavaresMolecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep./Clinical Pathology, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / CI- IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
Tiago FerreiraMolecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep./Clinical Pathology, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / CI- IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
Ana Carolina Leão SilvaMolecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep./Clinical Pathology, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / CI- IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
Inês Guerra de MeloMolecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep./Clinical Pathology, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / CI- IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, 4200-072, Portugal.
Rui MedeirosMolecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep./Clinical Pathology, Research Centre of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / CI- IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, 4200-072, Portugal. ruimedei@ipoporto.min-saude.pt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3010-8373

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) and cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) are the most common comorbidities in patients with malignant diseases. Their development is modulated by several factors related to the patient, tumour and antineoplastic treatments. Intriguingly, they share a pro-inflammatory setting induced by cytokines released by cancer and host cells in the tumour microenvironment, which leads to metabolic and endocrine derangements across organ systems. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis, implicated in metabolism, tissue homeostasis, and tumourigenesis, may play a key role in this interface. Specifically, the dysregulation of the IGF1R-PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, which governs protein synthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism), has been involved in muscle wasting associated with CAC. Concerning CAT, while less explored, the roles of the IGF-1 axis in angiogenesis and endothelial stability suggest a potential connection. To address knowledge gaps, this comprehensive narrative review examined the current literature on the IGF-1 pathway's involvement in CAT and CAC, including the implications of genetic markers. As the IGF-1 axis may serve as a signalling bond between these paraneoplastic syndromes, further investigation may lead to the identification of disease predictors, supporting risk stratification and early intervention.

Indexed as

BiomarkersBlood coagulationCachexiaGenetic markersInflammationMetabolismNeoplasm

Identifiers

PMID42377679

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.