ArticleIrish journal of medical science2026
Stress ball use as a non-pharmacological intervention in critically Ill patients: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in Irish journal of medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
aimThis study was conducted to explore the effect of stress ball use on pain, sleep quality and physiologic parameters in critically ill patients.
methodsA prospective, two-arm randomized controlled trial was performed in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a training and research hospital in Turkey. Study participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or a stress ball group. The outcome measures were pain, sleep quality (RCSQ) and physiological parameters.
resultsThirty patients in each group completed the study. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups at 07:00 on ICU day 3 (T3), with lower pain intensity in the stress ball group (p < 0.05). The difference in RCSQ scores between the two groups was found to be statistically significant, with higher RCSQ scores observed in the stress ball group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the groups heart rate across all measurements and respiration rate at any time point except 19:00-23:00 (T4), whereas diastolic blood pressure differed significantly at all measurements and systolic blood pressure showed significant group differences at 13:00-17:00 (T3) and 19:00-23:00 (T4) (p < 0.05).
conclusionThe findings of this study indicated that the use of a stress ball was associated with improved sleep quality and significant reductions in pain intensity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in critically ill patients.
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