Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42380043›Full record

ArticleInternational wound journal2026

Compliance With Foot Care Practices Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in Sudan.

Izzeldin Ahmed Dawaud, Ahmed Ali, Mohamed ElMakki Ahmed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International wound journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Izzeldin Ahmed DawaudSudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ahmed AliJabir Abu Eliz Diabetic Center, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8741-0142
Mohamed ElMakki AhmedSudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is frequently complicated by Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs), which contribute to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Regular foot care and clinic follow-up can reduce the incidence of DFUs and related complications, yet adherence to these practices remains poorly described in Sudan. To assess compliance with foot care practices and identify factors associated with compliance and barriers to regular foot care clinic attendance among patients with diabetes attending the Jabber Abo Aliz Diabetes Care Center in Khartoum, Sudan. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 involving 120 patients with DM attending foot care clinics. Data were collected using structured questionnaires covering demographic and clinical characteristics, foot care behaviours, and perceived barriers. Compliance was measured using a Likert-based scoring system, with scores ≥ 9/17 classified as compliant. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21.0, applying Chi-square tests and ANOVA where appropriate, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Among 120 participants (55% female; mean age 49 ± 11 years), 70% were classified as compliant with foot care. Compliance was significantly associated with female gender (p = 0.043), age < 40 years (p = 0.034), urban residence (p = 0.037), higher socioeconomic status (p = 0.002), and good glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7%; p = 0.001). Duration of DM showed no significant association (p = 0.184). Transportation and distance were the most reported barriers to clinic attendance (30%). Most patients attending foot care clinics demonstrated good adherence to foot care practices, particularly those with favourable socioeconomic and clinical profiles. However, geographic and economic barriers continue to limit regular attendance. Strengthening outreach strategies, reducing access barriers, and integrating foot care education into routine diabetes management could improve outcomes and reduce DFU-related complications in Sudan.

Indexed as

Diabetic FootPatient ComplianceAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSudanSurveys and Questionnairescompliancediabetes mellitusdiabetic foot carefoot care clinicsHbA1cpatient adherenceSudan

Identifiers

PMID42380043
PMCPMC13318527

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.