Evidence mapPaperPMID 42383405Full record

ArticleMedeniyet medical journal2026

Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Insulin Efsitora for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.

Sidar Copur, Berk Mizrak, Lasin Ozbek, Duygu Ucku, Adnan Batman, Abduzhappar Gaipov, Adrian Covic, Daniel van Raalte, Mehmet Kanbay

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Article in Medeniyet medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sidar CopurKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-0190-2746
Berk MizrakKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0001-7995-4488
Lasin OzbekKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-2828-555X
Duygu UckuKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-4686-8054
Adnan BatmanKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-0933-6198
Abduzhappar GaipovNazarbayev University, Department of Internal Medicine, Kazakhistan.ORCID 0000-0002-9844-8772
Adrian CovicCI Parhon University, Department of Nephrology, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-9985-2486
Daniel van RaalteAmsterdam University, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam.ORCID 0000-0003-2894-6124
Mehmet KanbayKoç University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology Department, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-1297-0675

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Even though insulin therapy is the cornerstone of diabetes mellitus management, multiple daily injections are associated with poor adherence. Once-weekly basal insulin therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach and is being evaluated in multiple ongoing clinical trials. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly insulin efsitora therapy compared with once-daily basal insulin therapy in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primary endpoints include glycemic control, assessed via HbA1c reduction, and hypoglycemia, classified as level 1 (54-69 mg/dL), level 2 (<54 mg/dl), or level 3 (any hypoglycemic episode characterized by altered mental and/or physical functioning requiring assistance). We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis through an extensive literature search of major databases including Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Cochrane databases, and have only included randomized controlled trials. We have included 5 randomized controlled trials comprising a total of 2,562 patients: 1,358 (53%) in the insulin efsitora arm and 1,204 (47%) in the insulin degludec arm. Our data show that insulin efsitora therapy achieved a similar HbA1c reduction overall (estimated treatment difference (ETD) 0.08%, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.17; I² = 42.6%), in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (ETD 0.10%, 95% CI -0.64-0.85; I² =24.0%) and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (ETD 0.05%, 95% CI -0.25 - 0.26; I² = 38.1%) compared with insulin degludec therapy. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were identified in overall hypoglycemic events, level 2 or 3 hypoglycemic episodes, or nocturnal hypoglycemia, irrespective of diabetes mellitus subtype. Our meta-analysis shows no statistically significant difference between once-weekly insulin efsitora therapy and insulin degludec therapy in terms of glycemic control and hypoglycemic events.

Indexed as

Diabetes mellitushypoglycemiaInsulin degludecInsulin efsitora

Identifiers

PMID42383405
PMCPMC13320405

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.