Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42387430›Full record

SynthesisBMC neurology2026

Insulin resistance and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Xiaoqing Xu, Jun Li, Huichai Pan, Boxu Zhao, Dayang Wang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaoqing Xu *Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, No. 18, Hepingli North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, China.
Jun Li *Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, No. 18, Hepingli North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, China.
Huichai PanDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, No. 18, Hepingli North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, China.
Boxu ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, No. 18, Hepingli North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100013, China.
Dayang WangInstitute of Cardiovascular diseases, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 5, Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China. wdy337@163.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6680-5130

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMechanistic and cross-sectional studies have indicated a correlation between insulin resistance and dementia; however, further evidence from prospective studies is needed to elucidate the relationship between insulin resistance and the risk of developing dementia.

methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant articles published up to December 20th, 2025. Cohort studies investigating the risk of dementia onset associated with insulin resistance were included.

resultsA total of ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Insulin resistance was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.21, 9 studies included) and Alzheimer's disease (HR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.50, 7 studies included). A similar association was observed between insulin resistance and the risk of vascular dementia (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07, 4 studies included).

conclusionThe available evidence suggested that insulin resistance might be associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Further well-designed prospective studies are warranted to clarify the causal relationship between insulin resistance and dementia.

trial registrationThe study was registered with PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42024550842 on June 5th, 2024.

Indexed as

DementiaInsulin ResistanceAlzheimer DiseaseHumansProspective StudiesRisk FactorsAlzheimer’s diseaseDementiaHazard ratioInsulin resistanceVascular dementia

Identifiers

PMID42387430
PMCPMC13591794

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.