SynthesisBipolar disorders2026
Biofluid Biomarkers of Cognitive Functioning in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review by the Targeting Cognition and Older-Age Bipolar Disorder ISBD Task Forces.
Synthesis in Bipolar disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCognitive impairment is common in bipolar disorder (BD), but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to (1) summarize all literature describing relationships of biofluid biomarkers and cognition in BD and (2) identify which biofluid biomarkers correlate most consistently with cognition in BD.
methodsThis systematic review followed procedures of the PRISMA statement. PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched from inception until July 2023. Original studies assessing the relationships between biofluid biomarkers and cognitive functioning in adults with BD were included. Studies on neuroimaging markers and genetic biomarkers were excluded.
resultsWe identified 60 studies, together describing 184 biofluid biomarkers that were measured in relation to cognitive functioning in BD. Biomarkers were organized into ten categories: oxidative stress markers (n = 14); growth factors (n = 13); neurotransmitters (n = 14); neuropeptides and hormones (n = 14); neurodegenerative markers (n = 11); inflammatory/immune markers (n = 59); serostatus to infectious agents (n = 11); amino acids, vitamins, and minerals (n = 7); metabolic factors (n = 23); hemogram, coagulation, and fibrinolysis markers (n = 18). Preliminary evidence for a significant relationship with cognition appeared for HSV-1 IgG, CRP, and homocysteine (Hcy); higher biomarker levels were associated with worse cognition. DISCUSSION: Included studies were heterogeneous and many were deemed to be of low quality following risk of bias assessment. The identified three biofluid biomarkers represent history of previous infections, current inflammation, and/or physical or psychological stress. Poor physical health, possibly represented by a broad range of biomarker aberrations, may play a role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in BD.
trial registrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42021224226.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.