ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
The association between early-life famine exposure and hypertension risk in adulthood and its interaction with dietary inflammatory index among Chinese adults.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that exposure to famine during early life is associated with long-term health outcomes. However, findings on the association between famine exposure and the risk of hypertension remain inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between famine exposure at different early-life stages and the incidence of hypertension among Chinese adults, and further evaluate the interaction effect of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on the risk of incident hypertension. Methods: Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2004-2015), a Chinese population-based cohort, participants were divided into three groups based on their birth year relative to the Great Chinese Famine: the fetal exposure group, the early childhood exposure group, and the non-exposure group. Cox regression was used to assess the association between famine exposure and incident hypertension. To further evaluate the interaction between famine exposure and DII on the risk of incident hypertension, DII was categorized into quartiles and incorporated into the analysis. Results: A total of 603 incident cases of hypertension were identified during the follow-up period. The early childhood exposure group exhibited a significantly higher risk of incident hypertension. Compared with the first DII quartile group, the third quartile group showed a 39% increased risk of incident hypertension. Additionally, a significant interaction was observed between DII and early childhood famine exposure in the fourth quartile group. Conclusions: Early childhood famine exposure showed a significant interaction with the DII, suggesting effect modification in the association between dietary inflammatory potential and adult hypertension. These findings highlight the potential value of targeted nutritional and dietary guidance for Chinese individuals with early-life nutritional adversity.
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