Trial reportSuicide & life-threatening behavior2026
A Randomized Controlled Trial With an Internal Pilot of a Co-Designed App Targeting Upstream Suicide-Related Risk and Protective Factors Among International Students.
Trial report in Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInternational students frequently report suicidal thoughts, yet often do not access support. Bud is a co-designed, self-guided mobile app developed as an upstream suicide-prevention intervention targeting transdiagnostic mechanisms related to suicide risk.
aimTo evaluate the effectiveness, acceptability, engagement, and safety of Bud compared with an active and structured psychoeducational comparator. MATERIALS AND
methodsA two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted with international students in Australia. Participants were randomized 1:1 to Bud (n = 156) or psychoeducational fact sheets (n = 156), completing assessments at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. The primary outcome was psychological distress (K10). Secondary outcomes included help-seeking intentions, interpersonal risk processes, emotion regulation, suicidal ideation, and mental health literacy. Analyses used intention-to-treat mixed-effects models.
resultsContrary to the hypotheses, psychological distress decreased from baseline to 4 weeks (Bud: -2.23; Comparator: -2.15), with no group × time interaction (F(2,342.45) = 0.43, p = 0.652); emotion regulation and suicidal ideation showed similar patterns across groups, and other secondary outcomes remained stable across groups. As expected, Bud was rated as enjoyable, worthwhile, and usable. Engagement was moderate (median 10 activities), and no iatrogenic effects occurred.
conclusionBud was feasible, acceptable, and safe but did not outperform an active psychoeducational comparator over 4 weeks.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ACTRN12625000584437.
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