Evidence mapPaperPMID 42390705Full record

ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2026

Mesopic Illumination in Natural Environments: Implications for Myopia Research.

Natalia Carolina Pereyra, Carla Lanca, Matias Acerbi, Guillermo Saracco, WeiZhong Lan, Rafael Iribarren, Jos J Rozema

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Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Natalia Carolina PereyraOphthalmology Department, Clinics University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Carla LancaDivision of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Matias AcerbiFoucault Optical Laboratory, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Guillermo SaraccoSaracco Optical Laboratory, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
WeiZhong LanGuangzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Rafael IribarrenNovar, Miami, Florida, USA.
Jos J RozemaInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. Jos.Rozema@uantwerpen.be.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aims to determine the duration of mesopic light conditions in natural environments.

methodsIlluminance levels were measured at three outdoor locations (a city terrace, a forest and a shadowy park) during different seasons using a calibrated high-spec lux meter with a sensitivity threshold of 0.01 lux. Measurements were recorded from 1 h before sunset until complete darkness to capture the transition from photopic to mesopic (<40 lux) and scotopic (<0.1 lux) conditions. The duration and onset of mesopic light were analysed across locations and seasons to identify site-specific variations.

resultsA gradual decline in illumination was seen from photopic light at 1 h before sunset down to mesopic and scotopic levels. Among the three measured locations, the shadowy park transitioned to mesopic conditions 15-20 min earlier than the terrace or forest. However, despite these differences in onset, the duration of the mesopic period remained consistent, lasting approximately 25-30 min across all locations during the different seasons.

conclusionsIn natural outdoor environments, mesopic light exposure during sunset represents a relatively brief and consistent transition period of approximately 25-30 min. These findings provide objective field-based baseline data on the temporal dynamics of mesopic illumination. While the present study did not assess refractive development or myopia status, the quantified environmental parameters may inform future research integrating wearable light sensors and refractive outcomes.

Indexed as

EnvironmentLightLightingMesopic VisionMyopiaHumansSeasonsMesopic illuminationNatural environmentsOutdoors

Identifiers

PMID42390705
PMCPMC13395974

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.