Evidence mapPaperPMID 42391572Full record

ArticleJMIR human factors2026

Using Intervention Mapping to Codevelop Orchid, a Digital Tool for Reproductive Life Planning: Development and Feasibility Study.

Catherine Stewart, Helen Carr, Maitri Shila Tursini, Alice Howe, Jennifer Hall

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR human factors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Catherine StewartReproductive Health Research Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74 Huntley Street, London, England, United Kingdom, 44 20 7679 2000.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-7356
Helen CarrReproductive Health Research Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74 Huntley Street, London, England, United Kingdom, 44 20 7679 2000.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-5958-6593
Maitri Shila TursiniReproductive Health Research Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74 Huntley Street, London, England, United Kingdom, 44 20 7679 2000.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-881X
Alice HoweReproductive Health Research Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74 Huntley Street, London, England, United Kingdom, 44 20 7679 2000.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-6551
Jennifer HallReproductive Health Research Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74 Huntley Street, London, England, United Kingdom, 44 20 7679 2000.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2084-9568

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Most people make no health or lifestyle changes before pregnancy, missing a key opportunity to improve outcomes. Consequently, nearly half of UK pregnancies are unplanned, disproportionately affecting underserved groups and widening health inequalities. Digital health interventions (DHIs) offer promise but require systematic, theory-driven development to ensure effectiveness and real-world applicability. Objective: This study aimed to use Intervention Mapping to codevelop and pilot Orchid, a novel DHI designed to support people of reproductive age to understand their pregnancy preferences and develop a reproductive life plan (RLP). Methods: We used Intervention Mapping steps 1-4 to guide the systematic, theory-informed codevelopment of Orchid. A multidisciplinary planning group and codevelopment group of 21 members of the public contributed throughout. At step 1, previous research and a scoping review of existing RLPs informed the program goals and logic model of the problem. During step 2, we identified performance objectives and behavioral determinants to specify practical strategies for each target behavior. At step 3, we applied the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model and relevant behavior change techniques to guide intervention design. Finally, at step 4, Orchid was co-designed as a website and mobile app providing users with a pregnancy preference group and prediction of pregnancy, a dynamic RLP, tailored evidence-based information, and optional goal-setting features to support behavior change. Orchid was piloted between January and May 2025 to explore its feasibility and acceptability in health care settings. Interviews with users, nonusers, and health care professionals were conducted and quantitative data from users were collected. Results: These findings indicate that implementation was feasible, and health care professionals found it acceptable to recommend Orchid to patients, though noted barriers including time constraints and competing priorities. Overall, 153 people signed up to Orchid; 68% (72/106) of eligible users received a pregnancy preference group and 27% (32/119) of eligible users completed a full RLP. Users were positive about Orchid, appreciating its content and design, noting that Orchid contained a wealth of information about reproductive health presented in an easy-to-understand manner. They valued the autonomy, convenience, and privacy afforded by the digital format, and found it acceptable to be recommended Orchid within a health care setting. Orchid uptake was lower than anticipated, and use was limited; this was partly expected given the short pilot period, but feedback also suggested targeted recruitment and navigation improvements could enhance uptake and engagement. Conclusions: Orchid is the first co-designed DHI to support reproductive health across the life course. Its systematic development, theoretical foundation, strong user involvement, and positive pilot testing position it as a promising, scalable innovation to support reproductive health, deliver credible information in accessible formats, and promote preventative, community-based care across the National Health Service.

Indexed as

Family Planning ServicesReproductive BehaviorAdultDigital HealthFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyUnited Kingdomcontraceptiondigital health interventionintervention mappingpreconception carepreconception healthreproductive healthreproductive life plan

Identifiers

PMID42391572
PMCPMC13327371

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.