Evidence mapPaperPMID 42391635Full record

ArticleJMIR human factors2026

Monitoring Health Status: Development and Preliminary Validation of a Personal Health Index Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.

Ilkka Rautiainen, Lauri Parviainen, Veera Jakoaho, Sami Äyrämö, Jukka-Pekka Kauppi

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Article in JMIR human factors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ilkka RautiainenFaculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, Central Finland, 40014, Finland, 358 142601211.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6358-8823
Lauri ParviainenDavid Health Solutions Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4284-8872
Veera JakoahoDavid Health Solutions Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-7885
Sami ÄyrämöFaculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, Central Finland, 40014, Finland, 358 142601211.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-2771
Jukka-Pekka KauppiFaculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, Central Finland, 40014, Finland, 358 142601211.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-5583

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Effective health monitoring is essential for personalized care and comprehensive health assessment. Personal health indices and profiles offer a concise summary of an individual's overall health, supporting both clinical decision-making and self-management. However, global standardization remains challenging due to diverse practices and data formats across countries. Objective: This study aimed to present a novel model for computing a personal health index and health profile using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. The model was designed to handle incomplete and heterogeneous datasets and aimed to provide standardized, interpretable health metrics. Methods: We developed a recursive algorithm that calculates the health index based on the hierarchical structure of the ICF, using all available measurements. The model incorporates time decay and linkage reliability to weight input data. Preliminary validation was conducted on data from 505 individuals, using statistical correlation analyses with self-assessed health measures (EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale and pain ratings), and a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess model robustness. Results: The computed health index showed moderate positive correlations with EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale scores (all P<.001) and negative correlations with maximum pain trajectories, supporting its validity. Sensitivity analysis confirmed predictable behavior in response to input changes, and the model demonstrated resilience to missing data. Conclusions: The proposed model offers a flexible and scientifically grounded approach to computing personal health indices and profiles within the ICF framework. It enables the integration of diverse health data sources and supports the visual representation for clinical and personal use. This model has potential applications in health monitoring, rehabilitation planning, and machine learning-based health informatics.

Indexed as

Health StatusInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and HealthAlgorithmsFemaleHumansReproducibility of Resultsdata integrationhealth data standardizationhealth informaticsICFInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability and Healthlongitudinal health monitoringpersonal health index

Identifiers

PMID42391635
PMCPMC13337805

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.