Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42394574›Full record

ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2026

A Trichinella spiralis Trypsin Drives Macrophage M1 Polarization and Strengthens Cytotoxicity Killing Larvae via Activating the NF-κB Pathway.

Pei Kun Cong, Yao Zhang, Ru Zhang, Xin Zhuo Zhang, Shao Rong Long, Ruo Dan Liu, Jia Xu, Jing Cui, Zhong Quan Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Pei Kun CongDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Yao ZhangDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Ru ZhangDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Xin Zhuo ZhangDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Shao Rong LongDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Ruo Dan LiuDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Jia XuSchool of Basic Medicine Science, Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian City, 351100, China, ptu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8291-8290
Jing CuiDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-5498
Zhong Quan WangDepartment of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9376-9975

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82302565National Natural Science Foundation of China 82372276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne zoonotic parasitic nematode with global distribution, poses a significant hazard to both public health and the safety of animal-derived meat products. Previous studies have identified a trypsin from T. spiralis, designated as TsTryp, within the excretory-secretory antigens (ESA) of intestinal infective larvae (IIL). Notably, the recombinant TsTryp (rTsTryp) was found to facilitate the T. spiralis larva invasion of gut epithelia, whereas anti-rTsTryp antibodies exerted a clear inhibitory effect on this larval invasion process. However, whether TsTryp regulates macrophage polarization in experimental T. spiralis infection and its molecular mechanisms are not clear. This present research intends to explore the functional significance of rTsTryp in macrophage polarization and cytotoxicity killing newborn larvae (NBL). The indirect immunofluorescence test verified specific binding between rTsTryp and RAW264.7 cells. qPCR, Western blot, and flow cytometry exhibited that rTsTryp induced the marked upregulation of iNOS expression, increased expression levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB-α, and elevated the proportion of CD86

Indexed as

MacrophagesNF-kappa BTrichinella spiralisTrichinellosisTrypsinAnimalsHelminth ProteinsLarvaMiceRAW 264.7 CellsSignal TransductionHelminth ProteinsNF-kappa BTrypsinantibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)macrophage polarizationTrichinella spiralistrypsin

Identifiers

PMID42394574
PMCPMC13329453

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.