ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
The intervention effect of caffeine oral tablets on mental fatigue induced by nap deprivation: based on assessments of heart rate variability, cognitive performance and subjective fatigue-a pilot study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of inducing mental fatigue (MF) through nap deprivation, based on monitoring heart rate variability (HRV), cognitive performance, and subjective fatigue levels. Additionally, the intervention effect of caffeine oral tablets (COT) on MF was evaluated. Methods: This was an open-label, non-randomized, single-sequence crossover pilot study. The caffeine content in COT was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ten healthy volunteers who habitually took naps were enrolled. Participants underwent nap deprivation to induce MF. Various parameters were collected at different time points, including the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), Attention Network Task (ANT), and HRV metrics. Changes in each parameter before and after COT intervention were analyzed. Results: Following nap deprivation, there was a significant increase in KSS scores for the control group compared to baseline measurements taken after 2 h of sleep deprivation ( Conclusions: In this pilot study, the alignment between subjective and objective indices suggests that low-dose COT is associated with favorable changes in the MF state of volunteers following sleep deprivation. However, due to the small sample size and open-label design, these findings should be considered preliminary and warrant confirmation in larger, randomized controlled trials.
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