Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42395302›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Development and psychometric evaluation of a postpartum stress scale in early postpartum mothers.

Dina Aprilia, Afra Hafny Noer, Retno Hanggarani Ninin, Zahrotur Rusyda Hinduan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Dina ApriliaFaculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Afra Hafny NoerFaculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Retno Hanggarani NininFaculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Zahrotur Rusyda HinduanFaculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The early postpartum period is a crucial phase in a mother's adaptation to caregiving demands, physical recovery, and social pressures. In Indonesia, postpartum stress is further shaped by cultural norms, extended family involvement, and societal expectations. Despite the importance of these factors, measurement tools specifically tailored for the early postpartum phase in the local cultural context are limited. This study aims to develop a Postpartum Stress Scale to assess stress levels in early postpartum mothers, ensuring its construct validity and reliability. The research was conducted in two stages: the first stage utilized qualitative Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with experts to establish construct and content validity, while the second stage employed Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis on data collected from 223 early postpartum mothers. The results indicated a robust four-factor structure with strong content validity and satisfactory psychometric properties, including high construct reliability and good model fit. The developed scale offers a reliable, multidimensional tool for assessing postpartum stress and holds promise for use in clinical practice and maternal mental health research.

Indexed as

MothersPostpartum PeriodPsychometricsStress, PsychologicalAdultFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleFocus GroupsHumansIndonesiaReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and Questionnairesconstruct validitypostpartum motherspostpartum stresspsychometric evaluationscale development

Identifiers

PMID42395302
PMCPMC13322792

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.