ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
The "5-4-3" model for weight management in psychiatric inpatients: a single-arm pre-post evaluation.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Comprehensive weight management remains an understudied yet critical component of inpatient psychiatric care, particularly for individuals presenting with overweight or obesity. To address this gap, the present study developed and evaluated the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a structured intervention termed the "Five-Discipline, Four-Phase, Three-Support" closed-loop weight management model (5-4-3 Model). In this single-arm pre-post study conducted among psychiatric inpatients at Taizhou Second People's Hospital. We evaluated the model across multiple domains, including weight reduction and maintenance, patient-centered health outcomes, and healthcare team competency. Methods: A single-arm pre-post study was conducted from November 2024 to April 2025. Psychiatric inpatients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m Results: All 139 enrolled patients completed the 3-month follow-up assessment. Significant reductions were observed in body weight (mean change from admission to 3-month follow-up: -2.95 kg; 95% CI -3.51 to -2.38; Conclusion: The 5-4-3 Model suggested preliminary feasibility and was associated with short-term improvements in weight, metabolic markers, and knowledge. However, causal attribution is limited by the uncontrolled single-arm design, and these findings should be considered preliminary. Controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy.
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