Evidence mapPaperPMID 42396720Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Trends in Prevalence of Diabetes, Pre-Diabetes, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Control Among U.S. Adults, 2013-2023.

Sophie E Claudel, Ashish Verma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sophie E ClaudelSection of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7695-4674
Ashish VermaSection of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

American Heart Association 24CDA1274501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and trends in prevalence of dysglycemia in the United States (U.S.).

methodsThis is a repeat cross-sectional analysis of adults age ≥ 20 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2013-2023. Age-standardized pre-diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, diagnosed diabetes, and total diabetes prevalence were estimated for each of the 4 survey cycles, then stratified by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Linear trends were estimated using logistic regression. Prevalence calculations and trend analyses were repeated to assess the proportion of participants meeting glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control targets.

resultsAmong 24 230 participants across all survey years, 6773 had pre-diabetes, and 4784 had diabetes (3826 diagnosed/958 undiagnosed). The age-adjusted prevalence of total diabetes was stable across the study period: 14.6% (95% CI 13.0%-16.2%) in 2013-2014 and 16.3% (14.6%-18.0%) in 2021-2023 (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.07 [95% CI 0.90-1.26], p-trend = 0.47). The age-adjusted prevalence of pre-diabetes increased significantly during the study period from 26.4% (23.7%-29.1%) in 2013-2014 to 30.7% (28.4%-33.0%) in 2021-2023 (p-trend = 0.04, PR 1.12 [1.02-1.23]).

conclusionWhile the prevalence of diabetes has stabilized over the last decade, the rise in pre-diabetes signals a growing population at risk for future cardiometabolic and kidney disease.

Indexed as

Cardiometabolic Risk FactorsDiabetes MellitusPrediabetic StateAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited StatesYoung AdultdiabetesdysglycemiaNHANESpre‐diabetesprevalencetrendsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID42396720
PMCPMC13448958

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.