Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42396840›Full record

ArticleSports health2026

Adaptation of Muscles With Different Physiological Properties to Resistance Training With and Without Bloodflow Restriction.

Margarida Cidrais, Carolina Teodósio, Joana M Correia, Carolina Vila-Chã, Pedro Pezarat-Correia, Paula M Bruno, Goncalo V Mendonca

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sports health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Margarida CidraisNeuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0005-6162-3951
Carolina TeodósioNeuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal.
Joana M CorreiaHigher School of Sport, Wellbeing and Biomedical Systems, Polytechnic University of Cávado and Ave, Barcelos, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-3433-1321
Carolina Vila-ChãHigher School of Sport, Wellbeing and Biomedical Systems, Polytechnic University of Cávado and Ave, Barcelos, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-3891-357X
Pedro Pezarat-CorreiaEgas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica, Monte de Caparica, Almada, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-6154-5563
Paula M BrunoNeuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-8835-7316
Goncalo V MendoncaNeuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-8161-8598

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow-load bloodflow-restricted (BFR) resistance training (LLBFR-RT) has been shown to elicit muscular hypertrophy comparable with high-load resistance training (HL-RT). We aimed to explore the differential impact of LLBFR-RT and HL-RT on hypertrophy of the triceps surae. HYPOTHESIS: LLBFR-RT would be more effective than HL-RT for soleus muscle hypertrophy. In addition, it was hypothesized that HL-RT would be more effective than LLBFR-RT for the hypertrophy of both gastrocnemii. STUDY

designAn active controlled trial. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 2.

methodsA total of 28 healthy adults were assigned randomly to 2 unilateral plantar-flexion training regimens: HL-RT (75% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM], 4 sets, 10 repetitions) and LLBFR-RT (20% of 1RM, 4 sets, 30+15+15+15 repetitions). Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), 1RM, and panoramic ultrasound assessments of the triceps surae were obtained pre- as well and post-4 weeks of intervention (5 sessions per week).

resultsMVIC and 1RM improved statistically from pre- to post-training (

conclusionHL-RT is more effective for eliciting size gains in the lateral gastrocnemius (muscle with a mixed fiber type composition) over a period of high-frequency training. The soleus (muscle with predominant oxidative fibers) adapts to both training regimens in a similar fashion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: High-frequency plantar-flexion exercise with HL-RT (5 days per week) is preferable to LLBFR-RT when aiming to elicit plantar-flexor strength gains accompanied by more comprehensive hypertrophy of the triceps surae muscle.

Indexed as

exercise physiologymuscle physiologystrength and conditioningultrasound

Identifiers

PMID42396840
PMCPMC13331791

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.