Evidence mapPaperPMID 42397646Full record

ReviewDiscover nano2026

Targeted nanomedicine strategies for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Mustafa T Ardah, Baraa Mohammed Yaseen, H Malathi, Subhashree Ray, R Thyagarajan, Aman Shankhyan, Rasulbek Eshmetov, Zokir Ataullaev, Manoj Kumar Mishra

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mustafa T ArdahFaculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan.
Baraa Mohammed YaseenDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq.
H MalathiDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Subhashree RayDepartment of Biochemistry, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
R ThyagarajanDepartment of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Aman ShankhyanCentre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
Rasulbek EshmetovDepartment of Natural Science, Mamun University, Khiva, Uzbekistan.
Zokir AtaullaevNatural Science Department, Urganch State Pedagogical Institute, Urgench, Uzbekistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-8163
Manoj Kumar MishraSalale University, Fitche, Ethiopia. biopolymer714@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by amyloid-beta deposition, tau pathology, synaptic dysfunction, and progressive cognitive decline. Currently approved symptomatic therapies, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine, provide modest and time-limited benefit and do not directly modify upstream disease drivers. This review synthesizes recent nanomedicine strategies that aim to bridge this gap by integrating biomarker-oriented nanosensors and imaging probes for earlier detection with targeted nanocarriers designed to overcome delivery barriers, particularly the blood-brain barrier, while improving pharmacokinetics and limiting off-target exposure. We highlight converging design principles, including stimulus-responsive release, receptor- and ligand-guided targeting, biomimetic coatings, and organelle-focused delivery to mitochondria and lysosome-autophagy pathways. Beyond repackaging existing agents, nano-enabled approaches are discussed in relation to amyloid and tau clearance or neutralization, redox and mitochondrial rescue, microglia-centered immunomodulation, and regenerative support for neuronal and neurovascular repair. To move beyond a descriptive overview, this review presents a stage-informed and pathology-guided framework for matching nanomedicine design to amyloid-predominant, tau-dominant, neuroinflammatory, mitochondrial, and advanced neurovascular phenotypes. We also evaluate translational constraints, including long-term safety, biodistribution, reproducibility, immunogenicity, scalable manufacturing, regulatory characterization requirements, and the trade-off between biological sophistication and clinical manufacturability. Finally, we distinguish platforms with nearer-term translational potential, such as selected lipid, polymeric, and extracellular vesicle-based systems, from exploratory multifunctional inorganic or highly complex biomimetic designs. This balanced framing clarifies where nanomedicine may realistically advance disease-modifying therapy while identifying evidence gaps that still limit translation.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseAmyloid betaNanomedicineNeuroinflammationTargeted drug delivery

Identifiers

PMID42397646
PMCPMC13332096

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.