Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42399460›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

The architecture of depression and comorbid symptoms in chinese vocational college students: a dual-method network analysis.

Zhijun Song, Yaxu Yu, Shuang Liu, Shuhong Liang, Lingzhi Song, Yu Mao, Shu Nie

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Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhijun Song *School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
Yaxu Yu *School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China. 20210003@imnu.edu.cn.
Shuang LiuSchool of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
Shuhong LiangSchool of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
Lingzhi SongSchool of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
Yu MaoSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China.
Shu NieSchool of Public Administration, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Inner Mongolia Normal University 2022JBQN118igh-level Talent Research Start-up Fund for the Inner Mongolia Normal University 2021YJRC010Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation 2022MS03016Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation 2025QN07020Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Social Science Foundation 2025DY44National Natural Science Foundation of China 32300848Research Program at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region NJZZ22566
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOur study aimed to delineate the architecture of psychopathology in a large, understudied cohort of Chinese vocational college students, identifying common foundations and subgroup-specific symptom pathways.

methodsWe assessed 9,040 students (65.67% male; M

resultsA consistent architecture emerged: depression functioned as the central bridge symptom in the undirected networks and was identified as the primary upstream node in the Bayesian networks across all subgroups. However, downstream pathways diverged significantly. NCT results confirmed statistically significant edge-level differences across gender and grade. For males, depression associated with a cognitive-to-avoidant trajectory; for females, it associated with an affective-to-externalizing pathway. Analysis also revealed distinct patterns across grades. Distinct developmental patterns also emerged: freshmen and juniors showed an affective-to-externalizing pathway consistent with responses to transitional stress, whereas sophomores displayed an affective-to-avoidant pathway linked to social withdrawal.

conclusionsOur findings reveal a dual structure: a universal foundation centered on depression, branching into gender- and grade-specific pathways. While depression represents a universal focal point for early intervention, the distinct downstream cascades underscore the necessity of tailored mental health strategies for this emerging adult population.

Indexed as

DepressionGender and grade differencesInterpersonal sensitivityNetwork and bayesian network analysisVocational college students

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.