Evidence mapPaperPMID 42400401Full record

Observational studyJournal of medical virology2026

Metabolic and Immunological Trajectories and Virological Outcomes of Ainuovirine-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: A 48-Week Longitudinal Cohort Study in Treatment-Naïve Adults.

Lin Gan, Xiaoxin Xie, Yanhua Fu, Xiaoyan Yang, Shujing Ma, Chunli Song, Yebing Song, Tingting Ren, Hai Long

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of medical virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lin GanDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Xiaoxin XieDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Yanhua FuDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Xiaoyan YangDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Shujing MaDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Chunli SongDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Yebing SongDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Tingting RenDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Hai LongDepartment of Infection, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5744-5623

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ainuovirine (ANV) is a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in China, but longitudinal real-world evidence on its virological outcomes and trajectories of immunological, metabolic, hepatic, and renal parameters in treatment-naïve adults remains limited. In this single-center longitudinal observational cohort study, 383 treatment-naïve adults with HIV-1 initiating ANV/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (ANV/3TC/TDF) were followed for 48 weeks. Virological, immunological, anthropometric, metabolic, hepatic, and renal parameters were assessed repeatedly. Longitudinal changes in continuous outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed models, and repeated virological suppression outcomes were evaluated using generalized estimating equations. Virological suppression increased from 80.42% (308/383) at Week 24 to 89.56% (343/383) at Week 48, whereas 10.44% participants (40/383) were not suppressed at Week 48. Among the Week-48 nonsuppressed participants, resistance mutations were uncommon and 36/40 later achieved HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL on at least two consecutive measurements. CD4+ T-cell counts and CD4/CD8 ratio improved significantly over time, with an estimated mean CD4+ increase of 246.43 cells/μL at Week 48. Body weight and body mass index showed modest early increases followed by lower values at Week 48 relative to baseline. Favorable longitudinal trends were also observed in fasting glucose, lipid parameters, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin. In contrast, estimated glomerular filtration rate declined and uric acid levels decreased during follow-up. In this 48-week real-world cohort, ANV/3TC/TDF was associated with sustained virological suppression, immune recovery, and generally favorable longitudinal trends in several metabolic and hepatic markers. However, because of the observational single-arm design and the inability to separate the contributions of ANV, the TDF-containing backbone, and recovery from baseline disease status, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and regarded as hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsAdultCD4-CD8 RatioCD4 Lymphocyte CountChinaFemaleHIV-1HumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRNA, ViralTreatment OutcomeViral LoadAnti-HIV AgentsRNA, ViralainuovirineHIV‐1longitudinal cohortmetabolic parametersnon‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorvirological suppression

Identifiers

PMID42400401
PMCPMC13349452

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.