Evidence mapPaperPMID 42400744Full record

ReviewDiscover nano2026

Application of metal-based nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery to breast cancer stem cells.

Zahra Gholizadeh, Saghar Yousefnia

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Zahra GholizadehDepartment of Physics, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Saghar YousefniaDepartment of Cell & Molecular Biology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. Saghar_yousefnia@semnan.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a minor population within breast cancer tissue, causing cancer development and cancer recurrence due to stem-like and malignant properties, including self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemo/radio therapy. Treatment of these types of cancer cells requires targeted approaches to address the unique properties of BCSCs. Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can be applied as drug delivery nanosystems in the treatment of BCSCs. Breast cancer treatments by MNP-based targeted drug delivery are essential because they reduce patient discomfort and recovery time, while enabling more precise and targeted therapy, potentially reducing off-target effects when appropriately designed and dosed. The size, shape, surface characteristics, and unique properties of MNPs, including their optical and physicochemical characteristics, safety profiles that are highly dependent on particle design and administration parameters, stability, circulation half-life, biodistribution, and high drug release efficiency, make them highly reactive and versatile for a variety of biomedical applications. However, their safety profiles are strongly influenced by particle design, dosage, and administration parameters, as high concentrations may induce dose-dependent toxicity, including ROS-mediated cellular damage. This review focuses on applications of various MNPs, including gold, copper, iron oxide, and silver, their surface modifications, and combination with photothermal therapy and several therapeutic agents in the drug delivery of BCSCs. This review also highlights the advantages, current challenges, and prospects of MNPs in drug delivery systems. These promising approaches have significant potential for developing new strategies for invasive treatment of breast cancer.

Indexed as

Breast cancerBreast cancer stem cells (BCSCs)Gold/Copper/Iron oxide/Silver nanoparticlesMetal nanoparticles (MNPs)Photothermal therapyTargeted drug delivery

Identifiers

PMID42400744
PMCPMC13332929

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.