Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2026
Comparative performance of insulin resistance-related indices in predicting adverse cardiovascular events among individuals with NAFLD and MASLD: a multi-center cohort study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are closely linked to insulin resistance and elevated cardiovascular risk, triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-related indices, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) have emerged as practical surrogate markers for cardiometabolic risk assessment in these populations. However, it remains unclear whether the associations of these indices with adverse cardiovascular events remain consistent when transitioning from the NAFLD to the newly defined MASLD framework, and a comprehensive comparison of these indices across both diagnostic criteria is lacking.
methodsThis study included 4693/3266, 74,173/67,864, and 7823/10,576 individuals with MASLD/NAFLD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), UK Biobank (UKB), and China Pudong cohort, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline analyses, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess associations. Linear regression models evaluated relationships between TyG-related indices and cortical/subcortical structural volumes. Mediation analyses examined the role of oxidative stress, phenotypic aging, and inflammatory markers.
resultsMost IR-related indices demonstrated nonlinear, predominantly J-shaped associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related mortality, especially within the UKB. TyG-WC optimally predicted 3-year CVD mortality in MASLD/NAFLD across UKB and NHANES, as well as ischemic stroke (IS) in UKB-MASLD. TyG-WHTR was the strongest predictor for CVD mortality in the Pudong cohort and myocardial infarction (MI) in UKB-MASLD. Notably, elevated TyG-WHTR was consistently associated with heightened risks across all endpoints: CVD mortality (NAFLD: UKB: HR 1.60, 95%CI 1.38-1.84, NHANES: 1.90, 1.34-2.70, Pudong: 1.24, 1.10-1.40; MASLD: UKB: 1.59, 1.38-1.82, NHANES: 1.86, 1.36-2.54, Pudong: 1.70, 1.43-2.03), MI (NAFLD: 1.20, 1.09-1.33; MASLD: 1.22, 1.11-1.34), and IS (NAFLD: 1.41, 1.24-1.61; MASLD: 1.39, 1.23-1.57). Structural neuroimaging analyses revealed significant negative correlations between TyG-WC/TyG-WHTR and subcortical volumes (P < 1 × 10
conclusionsInsulin Resistance-Related Indices demonstrate robust clinical utility in predicting CVD and mortality in NAFLD/MASLD across three distinct cohorts, with oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and accelerated aging serving as potential mechanistic pathways.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.