Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42403609›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2026

The effects of high-intensity interval training on executive function in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hui Li, Shanan Yu, Meng Ye, Chen Wei, Min Huang

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hui LiSchool of Journalism and Communication, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Shanan YuCollege of Sport, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, China.
Meng YeRehabilitation Therapy Department, Bengbu Fourth People's Hospital, Bengbu, China.
Chen WeiCollege of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China.
Min HuangSchool of Sports and Health, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on executive function in children and adolescents, and to quantify its effects on inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility using a three-level meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched from inception to May 2026. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled intervention studies examining the effects of HIIT on executive function in children and adolescents were included. Two reviewers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. The risk of bias in randomized controlled trials was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, while non-randomized intervention studies were assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Hedges' g was used as the effect size index. A three-level meta-analytic model was applied to account for the dependency of multiple effect sizes within the same study. Three-level Egger regression was used to assess publication bias and small-study effects, and sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of the findings. Results: A total of 11 studies were included, comprising 9 randomized controlled trials and 2 non-randomized controlled intervention studies, with 776 children and adolescents. The meta-analysis showed that HIIT significantly improved inhibitory control (Hedges' g = 0.227, 95% CI: 0.066 to 0.388, Conclusion: HIIT has positive effects on executive function in children and adolescents, particularly on inhibitory control and working memory, for which the certainty of evidence is moderate. Although HIIT also showed a positive effect on cognitive flexibility, this finding should be interpreted cautiously because of the limited number of studies and very low certainty of evidence. Further high-quality, large-sample studies with standardized intervention protocols and outcome measures are needed to confirm the effects of HIIT on executive function and to identify optimal training parameters for children and adolescents.

Indexed as

adolescentschildrenexecutive functionhigh-intensity interval trainingmeta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID42403609
PMCPMC13329722

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.