Evidence mapPaperPMID 42405335Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oral health2026

Antimicrobial resistance in dental unit waterlines: a scoping review of microbial diversity, resistance patterns, and knowledge gaps.

Golnoush Farzinnia, Michelle F Siqueira

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Golnoush FarzinniaCollege of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Michelle F SiqueiraCollege of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, and dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) may contribute to AMR, as DUWLs provide ideal conditions for biofilm development and growth of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. However, the microorganisms involved and their resistance patterns in DUWLs remains unclear. This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in DUWLs and characterize resistance patterns. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search across the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to March 2026. Studies that reported the isolation of microorganisms from DUWLs and AMR using phenotypic methods and/or genotypic detection of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were included. Data were extracted and summarized descriptively. Results: A total of 18 studies were included. Most studies analyzed DUWL water samples and reported bacterial isolates, particularly Gram-negative organisms such as Conclusion: DUWLs can become sources of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. However, the current evidence remains limited due to methodological variability and insufficient genotypic data. Future research should integrate both phenotypic and genotypic approaches, include biofilm-specific analyses, and evaluate the impact of DUWL management and antimicrobial stewardship strategies within a One Health framework. Scoping Review Registration: Open Science Framework (OSF) https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/P3X5D.

Indexed as

antimicrobial stewardshipbiofilmsdental unit waterlinesdrug resistance; microbialdrug resistance; multipleinfection control; dentalmicrobial sensitivity testsone health

Identifiers

PMID42405335
PMCPMC13328511

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.