Evidence mapPaperPMID 42405668Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026

Longitudinal Behavior of the Hyper-Reflective Ganglion Cell Layer Band and Its Association With Ellipsoid Zone Constriction Rate in RP.

Alessio Antropoli, Rebecca Toscani, Giovanni Scalabrin, Giovanni Forte, Lorenzo Bianco, Sebastiano Del Fabbro, Emilio Caliandro, Adelaide Pina, Alessandro Arrigo, Francesco Bandello and 1 more

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Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Alessio AntropoliDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Rebecca ToscaniDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Giovanni ScalabrinDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Giovanni ForteDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Lorenzo BiancoDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Sebastiano Del FabbroDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Emilio CaliandroSchool of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Adelaide PinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Alessandro ArrigoDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Francesco BandelloDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Maurizio Battaglia ParodiDepartment of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the longitudinal behavior of the hyper-reflective ganglion cell layer band (HGB) and its association with ellipsoid zone (EZ) constriction over time in molecularly characterized RP, based on the hypothesis that the HGB represents a manifestation of inner retinal remodeling with potential prognostic significance. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study featuring patients with typical RP caused by variants in photoreceptor-associated genes and ≥6 months follow-up. Optical coherence tomography images were reviewed for the presence of HGB, epiretinal membrane, and cystoid macular edema. Predictors of ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness and longitudinal changes in best-corrected visual acuity were assessed with linear mixed models. Longitudinal EZ constriction was estimated using exponential mixed models with log-transformed EZ width. Results: We included 118 eyes from 61 patients (30 females; mean baseline age, 34.7 ± 13.2 years) with a mean follow-up of 4.5 ± 2.6 years. HGB was detected at baseline in 27 eyes (22.9%) from 14 patients. Over follow-up, no eyes developed or lost the HGB. Baseline GCL thickness was significantly greater in eyes with HGB compared with those without (65 ± 10 µm vs. 53 ± 8 µm). Compared with autosomal recessive RP (5.5% per year), EZ constriction was significantly slower in autosomal dominant RP (2.8% per year; P = 0.0005) and faster in X-linked RP (7.7% per year; P = 0.021). Eyes without HGB showed a decline of 6.4% per year, compared with 4.3% per year in eyes with HGB (P = 0.001). Conclusions: HGB is a relatively stable optical coherence tomography finding in RP and is associated with increased GCL thickness and a slower rate of EZ constriction.

Indexed as

Retinal Ganglion CellsRetinitis PigmentosaFemaleFluorescein AngiographyFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleNerve FibersRetrospective StudiesTomography, Optical CoherenceVisual Acuity

Identifiers

PMID42405668
PMCPMC13348971

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.