ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2026
Sensory processing and neurodevelopmental disorder traits in 4- to 5-year-old Dutch children adjusted for sex, neurodevelopment in infancy and IQ.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeSensory processing is an important aspect of children's development and is closely linked to other developmental domains. We investigated sensory processing and its relation to the severity of neurodevelopmental disorder traits (i.e., traits associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Developmental Coordination Disorder) in a sample of 4-5-year-old children from the general population, with an oversampling of children with atypical infant neurodevelopment.
methodsThe sample contained 557 Dutch 4-5-year-old children. Sensory processing was assessed with the Sensory Profile. Neurodevelopmental disorder traits were measured with parent- and teacher-reported questionnaires (Social Responsiveness Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Conners Parent Rating Scale, Conners Teacher Rating Scale) and an assessment of motor abilities (Movement Assessment Battery for Children). Multivariate polynomial regression analyses were conducted to examine the relation between sensory processing and the severity of neurodevelopmental disorder traits. The child's sex, neurodevelopment in infancy (as assessed with the Standardized Infant Neuro Developmental Assessment and Infant Motor Profile) and intelligence level at 4-5 years (as measured with the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence) were included as covariates.
resultsIn 35-44% of the children sensory processing difficulties (varying per sensory processing quadrant) were present. Missing, seeking, avoiding and/or being sensitive to sensory stimuli was associated with more social responsiveness problems, hyperactive and/or inattentive behaviour and motor difficulties.
conclusionSensory processing difficulties are prevalent in a sample of 4- to 5-year-old children, enriched for the presence of atypical infant neurodevelopment. Additionally, specific types of sensory processing difficulties are related to more severe neurodevelopmental disorder traits.
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