ReviewNatural products and bioprospecting2026
Translational potential of medicinal plants for Alzheimer's disease: integrated evidence from molecular mechanisms to preclinical and clinical findings.
Review in Natural products and bioprospecting, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder driven by amyloid-β accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cholinergic deficits. Despite extensive research, current FDA-approved therapies provide only modest symptomatic relief, underscoring the urgent need for safe and multi-targeted alternatives. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on 15 medicinal plants and their 21 active compounds with therapeutic relevance to AD. Studies were included based on defined screening criteria: reported neuroprotective activity in at least one AD-related pathway, mechanistic evidence from preclinical or clinical investigations, and publication between 2015 and 2025. Analysis demonstrates that numerous plant extracts and isolated compounds including those from Allium sativum, Bacopa monnieri, Centella asiatica, Crocus sativus, Curcuma longa, Ginkgo biloba, Hericium erinaceus, Melissa officinalis, Nigella sativa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Vitis vinifera, and others exert neuroprotective actions through convergent mechanisms. These include attenuation of oxidative and inflammatory pathways, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and BACE-1, suppression of amyloid and tau pathology, enhancement of synaptic plasticity, mitochondrial support, and activation of neurotrophic signaling such as BDNF, TrkB and NRF2. Several compounds, including crocin, crocetin, curcumin, bilobalide, tanshinone IIA, bacosides, thymoquinone, and salvianolic acid B, demonstrate strong mechanistic activity across multiple AD-related pathways. Clinical trials further validate translational potential, with improvements reported in cognitive performance, behavioral symptoms, biomarker regulation, and daily functioning in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, AD, or age-related cognitive decline. Together, the evidence highlights medicinal plants as promising complementary or alternative strategies for modifying disease-relevant mechanisms and supporting cognitive health. Continued high-quality clinical investigations and optimized formulations are essential to advance these candidates toward therapeutic application.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.