Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42406264›Full record

ArticleEuropean geriatric medicine2026

Association between physical function and type 2 diabetes risk in older adults: a longitudinal analysis from the KoGES-Anseong cohort.

Soomin Lee, DooYong Park, JinWon Rho, Jiwon Hong, Yeon Soo Kim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European geriatric medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Soomin LeeDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
DooYong ParkDepartment of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sports Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
JinWon RhoDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Jiwon HongDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Yeon Soo KimDepartment of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. kys0101@snu.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-0196

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeType 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with functional decline in older adults, but whether baseline physical function predicts its incidence remains unclear. This study examined whether the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) predicts incident T2D in older Koreans, and whether resting heart rate (RHR) modifies this association.

methodsWe included 1,041 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years (mean age = 72.2 years; 58.3% women) without T2D at baseline from the KoGES-Anseong cohort (2013-2020). SPPB scores were categorized as high (≥ 10) or low (< 10), and RHR was dichotomized at the median. Incident T2D was ascertained through fasting glucose, physician diagnosis, or diabetes medication. Cox proportional hazards models (adjusted for demographic, metabolic, and lifestyle factors) estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) over 5294 person-years of follow-up.

resultsHigh SPPB scores were associated with a lower risk of T2D (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.94). This association was observed only in participants with elevated RHR (HR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.17-0.81), but not in those with lower RHR. Among individual SPPB domains, only lower-extremity strength showed a significant association with reduced T2D risk.

conclusionIn older adults, superior physical function substantially reduces the risk of T2D, with lower-extremity strength as the primary contributor. Importantly, this benefit remains robust among individuals with elevated RHR, underscoring functional performance as a practical target for preventive strategies.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Physical Functional PerformanceAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHeart RateHumansIncidenceIndependent LivingLongitudinal StudiesMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRepublic of KoreaRisk FactorsAgedLower-extremity strengthMobility limitationPhysical fitness

Identifiers

PMID42406264
PMCPMC13562105

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.