ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2026
Indoor Radon Concentrations and Hematologic Traits in the Women's Health Initiative.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWe examined radon's association with the complete blood count and leukocyte differential to better understand radon-related risks of stroke and myocardial infarction previously observed in the Women's Health Initiative.
methodsWe conducted a repeated-measures analysis in this prospective cohort of postmenopausal women enrolled between 1993 and 1998 and examined at 5 visits over 19 years in 40 US clinical centers (n = 154,630). We estimated indoor radon concentrations (pCi/L) at time-varying, geocoded addresses of participants (1993-2013) by linking them to the US Geological Survey Radon Index (1993) zoned by US Environmental Protection Agency Action Levels. We estimated covariate-adjusted, longitudinal associations of radon concentrations with complete blood count components using linear mixed-effects models. In a subset (n = 6,313), we evaluated cross-sectional associations with the complete blood count differential using multivariate compositional data analysis.
resultsAt 2-4 and >4 pCi/L, adjusted mean (95% confidence interval) leukocytes were 48 (33, 63) and 78 (58, 98) cells/μL lower than at <2 pCi/L, while platelets, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were higher: 315 (-280, 910) and 2,033 (1,248, 2,818) cells/μL; 0.27% (0.24%, 0.30%) and 0.23% (0.19%, 0.27%); and 0.09 (0.08, 0.10) and 0.09 (0.07, 0.10) g/dL. Nonlinear spline models of the Radon Index revealed similar associations. Lymphocyte percentages were lower, and other percentages were higher at higher (>4 pCi/L) versus lower (<2 pCi/L) radon concentrations in nonlinear compositional data analysis.
conclusionThe radon-related cardiovascular implications of these modest, prothrombotic, myeloid shifts in the complete blood count/differential among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative remain unknown.
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