Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42409604›Full record

SynthesisAddiction biology2026

Effects of Different Exercise Intensities on Internet Addiction in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Min Yu, Yuanyuan Chang, Haobo Kang, Wuyang Mao

Abstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Addiction biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Min YuSchool of Physical Education, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China.
Yuanyuan ChangSchool of Physical Education and Health Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Haobo KangSchool of Physical Education and Health Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Wuyang MaoSchool of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, China.

Funding

Hunan Provincial Basic Education Teaching Reform Research Project 25JGYB0441
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study employed a network meta-analysis to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different exercise intensities (light, moderate and vigorous) on internet addiction and related psychological symptoms in adolescents and young adults. We systematically searched eight databases for relevant randomised controlled trials. A total of 22 studies with 1438 samples were included. A pairwise meta-analysis indicated that exercise interventions across all intensities were associated with improvements in internet addiction, anxiety and negative moods, with moderate-intensity additionally improving depression. The results of the network meta-analysis suggested that light-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.61, 95% CI [-4.29, -0.93], p = 0.002), moderate-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.74, 95% CI [-4.25, -1.22], p < 0.0001) and high-intensity exercise (SMD = -2.55, 95% CI [-4.88, -0.22], p = 0.032) may be associated with a reduction in adolescents' internet addiction. Only moderate-intensity exercise may be associated with a reduction in depression (SMD = -1.19, 95% CI [-2.20, -0.18], p = 0.021) and anxiety (SMD = -1.90, 95% CI [-3.50, -0.30], p = 0.02); light-intensity and high-intensity exercise were not significantly associated with a reduction in depression and anxiety. Light-intensity exercise (SMD = -1.63, 95% CI [-2.85, -0.41], p = 0.009) and moderate-intensity exercise (SMD = -1.55, 95% CI [-2.56, -0.54], p = 0.003) may be associated with reductions in other negative moods. According to the probability ranking of the likelihood of the optimal intervention effect, moderate-intensity exercise (SUCRA = 71) ranked highest for interventions in adolescents' internet addiction, depression (SUCRA = 70.2), anxiety (SUCRA = 68.4) and light exercise (SUCRA = 67.9) ranked highest for negative moods. However, owing to the limitations of sample size and the quality of individual studies, the strength of evidence needs to be further validated by more standardised, high-quality studies.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveExerciseInternet Addiction DisorderAdolescentAnxietyDepressionExercise TherapyHumansInternetYoung Adultanxietydepressionexercise intensityinternet addictionnegative moods

Identifiers

PMID42409604
PMCPMC13337322

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.