Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42410307›Full record

Trial reportPediatric obesity2026

Association Between Food Portions During Complementary Feeding and Later Overweight Risk: Analysis From European Childhood Obesity Project.

Irene Hernandez-Perez, Joaquin Escribano, Veit Grote, Berthold Koletzko, Mariona Gispert-Llauradó, Mireia Alcázar, Elvira Verduci, Dariusz Gruszfeld, Annick Xhonneux, Veronica Luque and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Pediatric obesity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Irene Hernandez-PerezUnitat de Pediatria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2440-036X
Joaquin EscribanoUnitat de Pediatria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Veit GroteLMU - Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-2385
Berthold KoletzkoLMU - Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany.
Mariona Gispert-LlauradóUnitat de Pediatria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Mireia AlcázarUnitat de Pediatria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Elvira VerduciPediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Dariusz GruszfeldNeonatal Department, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Annick XhonneuxGroupe Santé CHC, Bd Patience et Beaujonc 2 - (B), Liège, Belgium.
Veronica LuqueUnitat de Pediatria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
CHOP study group.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 201041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimEarly-life nutrition plays a critical role in long-term health. Although complementary feeding has been widely studied, the influence of portion size during this stage on subsequent overweight risk remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether portion size during complementary feeding is associated with overweight risk in childhood and preadolescence.

methodsSecondary analysis of the European Childhood Obesity Project, a randomised clinical trial across five European countries. Dietary data was collected at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using 3-day food records and food portions standardised as internal z-scores; anthropometry was assessed at 2, 8 and 11 years. Associations between early portion size and later overweight were examined using logistic regression (adjusted for feeding type, country, parental education, birth weight, meal frequency and energy intake) and structural equation modelling.

resultsLarger portion sizes at 6 months were associated with more than a twofold higher risk of overweight at 2 years (OR 2.36, p = 0.031). Portion size at later complementary feeding stages showed positive trends with overweight at 2, 8 and 11 years and indirect associations with overweight at 8 and 11 years mediated by portion size at 8 years.

conclusionLarger portion sizes early in life are associated with increased risk of overweight later in childhood. These findings highlight portion size guidance during complementary feeding as a potential early target for obesity prevention.

Indexed as

Infant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaPediatric ObesityPortion SizeChildChild, PreschoolEnergy IntakeEuropeFeeding BehaviorFemaleHumansInfantMaleOverweightRisk Factorschildhood obesitycomplementary feedingearly nutritionportion size

Identifiers

PMID42410307
PMCPMC13337970

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.