Observational studyMedicine2026
Global, regional, and national burdens of musculoskeletal disorders in postmenopausal women from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: A population-based observational study using GBD 2021 data.
Observational study in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders, the second-leading cause of disability from nonfatal diseases worldwide, pose significant economic burdens and public health challenges. Studies have demonstrated that the synergy between estrogen deficiency and inflammatory aging in postmenopausal women results in a higher risk of musculoskeletal disorders in women compared with men. This study aims to fill this gap by characterizing the burden of musculoskeletal disorders in postmenopausal women. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990 to 2021, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years associated with musculoskeletal disorders in postmenopausal women. Additionally, levels of exposure to risk factors and their associated disease burdens were analyzed, along with projections to 2050. Globally, 476 million postmenopausal women were affected by musculoskeletal disorders in 2021, representing a 126.7% increase compared with 210 million in 1990. The projected number of prevalent cases is expected to reach 897 million by 2050. The burden of musculoskeletal disorders in menopausal women slowly increased with a higher Sociodemographic Index. A high body mass index was identified as the most significant risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders in menopausal women. The global burden of musculoskeletal disorders in menopausal women remains high, with substantial disparities between regions and socioeconomic strata. Prioritizing metabolic risk reduction, responding to demographic changes, and developing region-specific policies are essential for addressing this escalating public health challenge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.