Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42416406›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in physiology2026

From biaxial tests to cardiac digital twins: a morphomechanics agenda for passive myocardium.

Fulufhelo Nemavhola, Thanyani Pandelani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Fulufhelo NemavholaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban, South Africa.
Thanyani PandelaniDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Passive myocardial mechanics shape ventricular filling, ventricular-ventricular interaction, and the mechanical environment experienced by cardiac cells. Yet many cardiac finite-element and digital-twin models still estimate passive material behaviour mainly from chamber-level pressure-volume or imaging data, which can reproduce global observables while leaving tissue-scale parameters poorly identifiable. In this Perspective, we define morphomechanics as an operational model-data integration framework in which myocardial structure, tissue-scale stress-strain behaviour, and organ-level function jointly determine constitutive-law selection, parameter priors, and calibration constraints for cardiac digital twins. The term is used to fill a practical gap between conventional multiscale modelling and digital-twin calibration: it specifies how experimentally measured tissue mechanics and quantitative microstructure should constrain organ-scale model parameters. We review insights from planar biaxial testing of ventricular myocardium, including porcine, rat, and sheep datasets that reveal nonlinear elasticity, directional anisotropy, and regional heterogeneity. We then examine how passive myocardial properties are currently estimated in digital-twin workflows and identify where tissue-level evidence remains underused. Finally, we propose an actionable roadmap in which biaxial data inform constitutive-law selection and probabilistic parameter priors; diffusion imaging and histology define local material axes and structural anisotropy; and inverse finite-element calibration incorporates tissue-derived constraints through Bayesian priors, regularization penalties, or staged calibration. By explicitly linking myocardial microstructure, tissue-scale mechanics, and organ-scale simulation, a morphomechanics-driven approach could improve physiological fidelity, parameter identifiability, and translational confidence in cardiac digital twins.

Indexed as

biaxial testingcardiac digital twinconstitutive modellingfinite elementmorphomechanicsmyocardiumventricular mechanics

Identifiers

PMID42416406
PMCPMC13337386

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.