Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42418142›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2026

Neonatal vitamin D levels and autoimmune disorders: a Danish population-based cohort study.

Henriette Thisted Horsdal, Berit Heitmann, Sanne Grundvad Boelt, Esben Agerbo, Thomas Werge, Nis Borbye-Lorenzen, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, John J McGrath, Xiaoqin Liu

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Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Henriette Thisted HorsdalNational Centre for Register-based Research (NCRR), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. horsdal.ncrr@au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-8091
Berit HeitmannDepartment of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-4504
Sanne Grundvad BoeltDanish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-8197
Esben AgerboNational Centre for Register-based Research (NCRR), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2849-524X
Thomas WergeInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-0766
Nis Borbye-LorenzenDanish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3725-4533
Carsten Bøcker PedersenNational Centre for Register-based Research (NCRR), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-8533
John J McGrathQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-6068
Xiaoqin LiuNational Centre for Register-based Research (NCRR), Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-1536

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To examine the associations of neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), and their corresponding genetic predictors, with the risk of nine autoimmune disorders. We conducted a population-based cohort study of a random sample of individuals born in Denmark between 1981 and 2005, sourced from the iPSYCH2012 study. We measured 25(OH)D and DBP concentrations in neonatal dried blood spots. We identified individuals diagnosed with selected autoimmune disorders (multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves' disease, celiac disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis). Cox regression was employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for any autoimmune disorder and for nine specific diagnoses, in relation to 25(OH)D, DBP, and their polygenic scores (PGSs). Among 20,404 eligible individuals, 757 (3.7%) developed an autoimmune disorder. Neither neonatal 25(OH)D nor DBP was associated with the risk of any autoimmune disorder, with HRs of 1.07 (95% CI, 0.99-1.15) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.92-1.07) per standard deviation (SD) increase, respectively. Similarly, PGSs for 25(OH)D and DBP did not show an association with any autoimmune disorder, with HRs of 1.04 (95% CI, 0.97-1.12) and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.91-1.05) per SD increase, respectively. Findings were similar when exposures were analyzed in tertiles and across nine individual autoimmune disorders. Neonatal vitamin D is not associated with the risk of autoimmune disorders. Similarly, genetic predictors of vitamin D status, as reflected in PGSs for 25(OH)D and DBP, are not associated with the risk of autoimmune disorders.

Indexed as

Autoimmune disordersCohort studyEpidemiologyVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID42418142

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.