Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42419212›Full record

ArticlePoultry science2026

Spatiotemporal dynamics of bile acid profiles in broilers from hatch to market age.

Sunlin Luo, Ruiqi Tan, Qiaomin Duan, Wenjun He, Ying Liu, Yiqiang Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Poultry science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sunlin LuoState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Ruiqi TanState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Qiaomin DuanState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Wenjun HeState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Ying LiuState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Yiqiang ChenState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: yqchen@cau.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Systematic research on the dynamic distribution of bile acids (BAs) throughout the enterohepatic axis in broilers remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the spatiotemporal dynamics of the BA pool in broilers from hatching to market age. Newly hatched broiler chickens were reared under standard conditions for 42 days. At the end of each week, six birds were randomly selected to collect samples for the determination of BAs. The results revealed a clear spatial concentration gradient of total bile acids (TBAs). Bile exhibited the highest TBA concentration (approximately 10⁸ ng/mL), followed by small intestine and colorectum (approximately 10⁶-10⁷ ng/g DM), liver (approximately 10⁵-10⁶ ng/g DM), cecum (< 10⁵ ng/g DM), and serum (approximately 10³ ng/mL). The ileum and cecum were identified as active sites for microbial BA metabolism. Microbial deconjugation was primarily observed in the ileum. There was a significant increase in the proportion of unconjugated BAs, rising from 48.35% to 83.92% by week 3 (P < 0.01). Concurrently, microbial 7α-dehydroxylation was prevalent in the cecum. The proportion of secondary BAs, primarily lithocholic acid (LCA), increased progressively, with a significant rise observed by week 3 (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that week 3 may be a critical period for the functional maturation of BA-metabolizing microbiota. Principal component analysis (PCA) and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) analyses confirmed significant spatial heterogeneity in BA profiles across the enterohepatic axis (P = 0.001). The liver, bile and serum maintained stable profiles dominated by taurine-conjugated primary BAs. Limited microbial deconjugation occurred in the duodenum and jejunum. The cecum consistently formed a distinct cluster characterised by a significantly higher proportion of secondary BAs. Notably, no significant difference was found between the BA profiles of the ileum and colorectum (P > 0.05). This finding highlights a species‑specific aspect of avian digestive physiology, differing from the clear separation between ileal and colon bile acid profiles typically seen in mammals.

Indexed as

Bile Acids and SaltsChickensAnimalsCecumLiverMaleSpatio-Temporal AnalysisBile Acids and SaltsBile acid profileBroilerDevelopmental dynamicsEnterohepatic circulation

Identifiers

PMID42419212
PMCPMC13356759

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.