Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42420190›Full record

ArticleChemMedChem2026

Hit-To-Lead Optimization of a Pyridylpiperazine Class Against Malaria: Pharmacokinetic Profile and In Vivo Efficacy of Optimized Compounds.

Douglas Davison da Silva Oliveira, Duarte Eduardo Pereira, Rafael Consolin Chelucci, Simone Michelan, Júlia Maria Fernandes Pituba, Adriano D Andricopulo, Leonardo L G Ferreira, Neide Maria Silva, Celso de Oliveira Rezende Júnior

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ChemMedChem, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Douglas Davison da Silva OliveiraLaboratório de Síntese de Candidatos a Fármacos (LaSFar), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Duarte Eduardo PereiraLaboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Rafael Consolin ChelucciLaboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional (LQMC), Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Simone MichelanLaboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional (LQMC), Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Júlia Maria Fernandes PitubaLaboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Adriano D AndricopuloLaboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional (LQMC), Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Leonardo L G FerreiraLaboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional (LQMC), Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-0639
Neide Maria SilvaLaboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Celso de Oliveira Rezende JúniorLaboratório de Síntese de Candidatos a Fármacos (LaSFar), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-2035

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 300079/2025-7Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais APQ-01116-21Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais APQ-01705-21Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais RED00110-23Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 13/07600-3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge caused by Plasmodium parasites. Current antimalarial treatment strategies face mounting challenges due to the rapid development of drug resistance. This work aimed at the hit-to-lead optimization of a pyridylpiperazine class by evaluating the in vitro pharmacokinetic profile and the in vivo efficacy and safety against malaria. The systematic in vitro assessment of ADME properties for 10 previously selected bioactive compounds enabled a detailed structure-ADME relationship analysis. This process highlighted compounds 7 and 9 as having the most promising profiles for improved bioavailability. These optimized compounds were then tested in an in vivo murine model of malaria, and reduced the likelihood of mice developing cerebral malaria. Compound 7 emerged as the most effective, reducing parasitemia by up to 91.7%. These results successfully validate that chemical modifications to the toluyl fragment of the initial hit optimized the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters, yielding two candidates with suitable ADME profiles and proven in vivo efficacy against malaria. This work supports the further development of the pyridylpiperazine class against malaria and highlights the need to explore modifications on other parts of the molecular scaffold and elucidate their mechanism of action.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsMalariaPiperazinesPyridinesAnimalsDose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansMiceMolecular StructureParasitic Sensitivity TestsPlasmodium bergheiStructure-Activity RelationshipAntimalarialsPiperazinesPyridinesADMEantimalarial activitydrug discoveryparasitic diseaseproof of concept

Identifiers

PMID42420190
PMCPMC13346333

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.