Evidence mapPaperPMID 42421041Full record

ReviewChinese medicine2026

Advances in electroacupuncture for perioperative neurocognitive disorders: mechanisms and clinical evidence.

Shirong Wei, Sitong Zhou, Junwen Tu, Tong Zhi, Yungong Wang, Qihong Shen, Chaobo Ni, Ming Yao, Huadong Ni

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chinese medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shirong Wei *Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
Sitong Zhou *Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
Junwen TuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Tong ZhiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Yungong WangDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Qihong ShenDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Chaobo NiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Ming YaoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China. jxyaoming@zjxu.edu.cn.
Huadong NiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 South Zhonghuan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China. huadongni@zjxu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7092-3474

Funding

Jiaxing City Peak Discipline of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine 2025-JF-004the Clinical Key Specialty of Zhejiang Province Anesthesiology 2023ZJZK001the Demonstration Special Project for Public Hospital Reform and High-Quality Development 2026-GZL-A07the Scientific Research Fund of National Health Commission-Zhejiang Provincial Health Major Science and Technology Plan Project WKJ-ZJ-2448the Zhejiang Province Compact yet High-performing Clinical Innovation Team CXTD202502014Xingyao Nanhu" Leading Talent Program of Jiaxing City 2022-XYNHCXTD-001Zhejiang Provincial Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology 2024ZL170
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), including postoperative delirium, delayed neurocognitive recovery, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction, are common complications in older surgical patients and are associated with impaired recovery, reduced quality of life, and increased postoperative morbidity. Current management remains largely supportive and preventive, and effective targeted therapies are still lacking. Electroacupuncture (EA), as a minimally invasive neuromodulatory intervention, has attracted increasing attention because of its potential multi-target regulatory effects. This review summarizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence regarding EA for PND. Preclinical studies suggest that EA may modulate several interacting pathological processes, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy dysfunction, ferroptosis, mitochondrial injury, microbiota-gut-brain axis dysregulation, and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Recent PND/POCD animal studies further support EA-related regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cGAS-STING signaling, SIRT1/NRF2/GPX4-mediated ferroptosis, AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO1/PINK1/Parkin-related autophagy pathways, and MAPK-related synaptic plasticity. Clinical studies and meta-analyses suggest that EA and related acupoint-based electrical stimulation techniques may reduce early postoperative cognitive decline and improve short-term cognitive outcomes in older surgical patients. However, the overall evidence remains limited by heterogeneous stimulation protocols, variable acupoint prescriptions, incomplete blinding, short follow-up, and reliance on cognitive screening scales. Several proposed mechanisms are still partly inferred from non-PND models. Future studies should use standardized EA protocols, clinically relevant PND models, dynamic mechanistic assessments, and adequately powered sham-controlled trials to clarify the therapeutic role of EA in PND.

Indexed as

ElectroacupuncturePerioperative neurocognitive disordersPostoperative cognitive dysfunctionPostoperative delirium

Identifiers

PMID42421041
PMCPMC13343868

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.