Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42421446›Full record

ArticleBioMed research international2026

Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) Leaf Extract Attenuates Ethylene Glycol-Induced Nephrolithiasis Through Antioxidant and Renoprotective Effects.

Abdullah H Al-Gamli, Abdullah H Maad, Loai Aljerf, Khaled A Alhumaidha, Bashier Osman, Mohammed E Shayoub, Muaaz Alajlani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BioMed research international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Abdullah H Al-GamliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen, ust.edu.ye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3802-4718
Abdullah H MaadDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-5166
Loai AljerfKey Laboratory of Organic Industries, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, damascusuniversity.edu.sy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-9659
Khaled A AlhumaidhaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Yemen.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1873-6618
Bashier OsmanDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, uofk.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4931-7098
Mohammed E ShayoubDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, uofk.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8591-8977
Muaaz AlajlaniFaculty of Pharmacy, Arab International University, Damascus, Syria, aiu.edu.sy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-6863

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis affects approximately 12% of the global population and is increasingly diagnosed at younger ages, highlighting the need for safer and more effective therapeutic options. Although Petroselinum crispum (P. crispum) is traditionally recognized for its diuretic properties, its specific curative efficacy against established calcium oxalate stones and its impact on the underlying oxidative stress pathways remain insufficiently characterized. Additionally, there is a critical need to validate the dose-dependent renoprotective mechanisms of the plant's extract to bridge the gap between ethnomedicinal use and clinical application. This study evaluated the renoprotective and antiurolithiatic potential of P. crispum ethanolic leaf extract in a well-established rat model of ethylene glycol-induced nephrolithiasis. Male albino rats received 1% ammonium chloride and 0.75% ethylene glycol for 28 days to induce lithiasis. From Day 15 onward, two groups were treated orally with P. crispum extract at 300 or 600 mg/kg. Biochemical analyses of urine, serum, and kidney tissue, along with histopathological assessments, were performed. Ethylene glycol administration caused marked lithogenic changes, including decreased urine volume, elevated urinary pH, increased calcium excretion, oxidative stress, and impaired renal function. Moreover, it restored antioxidant status by elevating glutathione and reducing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels. Histopathological analysis confirmed a protective effect, with decreased crystal deposition and preservation of renal tubular architecture. These findings suggest that P. crispum exerts multimechanistic protective effects-diuretic, antioxidant, and nephroprotective-against urolithiasis. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the extract's molecular mechanisms and validate its clinical potential as a plant-based therapeutic agent for kidney stone prevention and management.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsNephrolithiasisPetroselinumPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesAnimalsEthylene GlycolKidneyMaleOxidative StressRatsAntioxidantsEthylene GlycolPlant Extractscalcium oxalatekidney stonenephrolithiasisoxidative stressPetroselinum crispumphytotherapyrenal protection

Identifiers

PMID42421446
PMCPMC13346773

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.